Genesis 40:7

Authorized King James Version

And he asked Pharaoh's officers that were with him in the ward of his lord's house, saying, Wherefore look ye so sadly to day?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשְׁאַ֞ל
And he asked
to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
סְרִיסֵ֣י
officers
a eunuch; by implication, valet (especially of the female apartments), and thus, a minister of state
#4
פַרְעֹ֗ה
Pharaoh's
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#5
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
אִתּ֧וֹ
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#7
בְמִשְׁמַ֛ר
that were with him in the ward
a guard (the man, the post or the prison); a deposit (figuratively); also (as observed) a usage (abstractly), or an example (concretely)
#8
בֵּ֥ית
house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#9
אֲדֹנָ֖יו
of his lord's
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#10
לֵאמֹ֑ר
saying
to say (used with great latitude)
#11
מַדּ֛וּעַ
what (is) known?; i.e., (by implication) (adverbially) why?
#12
פְּנֵיכֶ֥ם
Wherefore look
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#13
רָעִ֖ים
ye so sadly
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
#14
הַיּֽוֹם׃
to day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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