Genesis 4:20

Authorized King James Version

And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents, and of such as have cattle.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתֵּ֥לֶד
bare
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#2
עָדָ֖ה
And Adah
adah, the name of two women
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
יָבָ֑ל
Jabal
jabal, an antediluvian
#5
ה֣וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#6
הָיָ֔ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#7
אֲבִ֕י
H1
he was the father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#8
יֹשֵׁ֥ב
of such as dwell
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#9
אֹ֖הֶל
in tents
a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
#10
וּמִקְנֶֽה׃
and of such as have cattle
something bought, i.e., property, but only live stock; abstractly, acquisition

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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