Genesis 38:18

Authorized King James Version

And he said, What pledge shall I give thee? And she said, Thy signet, and thy bracelets, and thy staff that is in thine hand. And he gave it her, and came in unto her, and she conceived by him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתֹּ֗אמֶר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
מָ֣ה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#3
הָֽעֵרָבוֹן֮
pledge
a pawn (given as security)
#4
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
What
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
וַיִּתֶּן
And he gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#6
לָּךְ֒
H0
#7
וַתֹּ֗אמֶר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#8
חֹתָֽמְךָ֙
Thy signet
a signature-ring
#9
וּפְתִילֶ֔ךָ
and thy bracelets
twine
#10
וּמַטְּךָ֖
and thy staff
a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),
#11
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
What
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#12
בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ
that is in thine hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#13
וַיִּתֶּן
And he gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#14
לָּ֛הּ
H0
#15
וַיָּבֹ֥א
it her and came in
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#16
אֵלֶ֖יהָ
near, with or among; often in general, to
#17
וַתַּ֥הַר
unto her and she conceived
to be (or become) pregnant, conceive (literally or figuratively)
#18
לֽוֹ׃
H0

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of Genesis Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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