Genesis 33:1

Authorized King James Version

And Jacob lifted up his eyes, and looked, and, behold, Esau came, and with him four hundred men. And he divided the children unto Leah, and unto Rachel, and unto the two handmaids.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשָּׂ֨א
lifted up
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#2
יַֽעֲקֹ֜ב
And Jacob
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
#3
עֵינָ֗יו
his eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#4
וַיַּרְא֙
and looked
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#5
וְהִנֵּ֣ה
lo!
#6
עֵשָׂ֣ו
and behold Esau
esav, a son of isaac, including his posterity
#7
בָּ֔א
came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#8
וְעִמּ֕וֹ
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#9
אַרְבַּ֥ע
and with him four
four
#10
מֵא֖וֹת
hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#11
אִ֑ישׁ
men
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#12
וַיַּ֣חַץ
And he divided
to cut or split in two; to halve
#13
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#14
הַיְלָדִ֗ים
the children
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
#15
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#16
לֵאָה֙
unto Leah
leah, a wife of jacob
#17
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
רָחֵ֔ל
and unto Rachel
rachel, a wife of jacob
#19
וְעַ֖ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#20
שְׁתֵּ֥י
and unto the two
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#21
הַשְּׁפָחֽוֹת׃
handmaids
a female slave (as a member of the household)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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