Genesis 31:20

Authorized King James Version

And Jacob stole away unawares to Laban the Syrian, in that he told him not that he fled.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּגְנֹ֣ב
stole away
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
#2
יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב
And Jacob
jaakob, the israelitish patriarch
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
לֵ֥ב
unawares
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#5
לָבָ֖ן
to Laban
laban, a place in the desert
#6
הָֽאֲרַמִּ֑י
the Syrian
an aramite or aramaean
#7
עַל
in that
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#8
בְּלִי֙
him not
properly, failure, i.e., nothing or destruction; usually (with preposition) without, not yet, because not, as long as, etc
#9
הִגִּ֣יד
he told
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#10
ל֔וֹ
H0
#11
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#12
בֹרֵ֖חַ
that he fled
to bolt, i.e., figuratively, to flee suddenly
#13
הֽוּא׃
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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