Genesis 22:13

Authorized King James Version

And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns: and Abraham went and took the ram, and offered him up for a burnt offering in the stead of his son.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשָּׂ֨א
lifted up
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#2
אַבְרָהָם֙
H85
And Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
עֵינָ֗יו
his eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#5
וַיַּרְא֙
and looked
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#6
וְהִנֵּה
lo!
#7
הָאַ֔יִל
him a ram
properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree
#8
אַחַ֕ר
and behold behind
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#9
נֶֽאֱחַ֥ז
caught
to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)
#10
בַּסְּבַ֖ךְ
in a thicket
a copse
#11
בְּקַרְנָ֑יו
by his horns
a horn (as projecting); by implication, a flask, cornet; by resemblance. an elephant's tooth (i.e., ivory), a corner (of the altar), a peak (of a moun
#12
וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#13
אַבְרָהָם֙
H85
And Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#14
וַיִּקַּ֣ח
and took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#15
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#16
הָאַ֔יִל
him a ram
properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree
#17
וַיַּֽעֲלֵ֥הוּ
and offered him up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#18
לְעֹלָ֖ה
for a burnt offering
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)
#19
תַּ֥חַת
in the stead
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
#20
בְּנֽוֹ׃
of his son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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