Genesis 20:7

Authorized King James Version

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Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine.

Original Language Analysis

וְעַתָּ֗ה H6258
וְעַתָּ֗ה
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 1 of 21
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
מֵשִׁ֗יב Now therefore restore H7725
מֵשִׁ֗יב Now therefore restore
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 2 of 21
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
אֵֽשֶׁת his wife H802
אֵֽשֶׁת his wife
Strong's: H802
Word #: 3 of 21
a woman
הָאִישׁ֙ the man H376
הָאִישׁ֙ the man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 4 of 21
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 5 of 21
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
נָבִ֣יא for he is a prophet H5030
נָבִ֣יא for he is a prophet
Strong's: H5030
Word #: 6 of 21
a prophet or (generally) inspired man
ה֔וּא H1931
ה֔וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 7 of 21
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֥ל and he shall pray H6419
וְיִתְפַּלֵּ֥ל and he shall pray
Strong's: H6419
Word #: 8 of 21
to judge (officially or mentally); by extension, to intercede, pray
בַּֽעַדְךָ֖ for thee H1157
בַּֽעַדְךָ֖ for thee
Strong's: H1157
Word #: 9 of 21
in up to or over against; generally at, beside, among, behind, for, etc
וֶֽחְיֵ֑ה and thou shalt live H2421
וֶֽחְיֵ֑ה and thou shalt live
Strong's: H2421
Word #: 10 of 21
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
וְאִם H518
וְאִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 11 of 21
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
אֵֽינְךָ֣ H369
אֵֽינְךָ֣
Strong's: H369
Word #: 12 of 21
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מֵשִׁ֗יב Now therefore restore H7725
מֵשִׁ֗יב Now therefore restore
Strong's: H7725
Word #: 13 of 21
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
דַּ֚ע her not know H3045
דַּ֚ע her not know
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 14 of 21
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
כִּי H3588
כִּי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 15 of 21
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
תָּמ֔וּת die H4191
תָּמ֔וּת die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 16 of 21
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
תָּמ֔וּת die H4191
תָּמ֔וּת die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 17 of 21
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
אַתָּ֖ה H859
אַתָּ֖ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 18 of 21
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 19 of 21
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 20 of 21
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לָֽךְ׃ H0
לָֽךְ׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 21 of 21

Analysis & Commentary

Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou sh... This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise fulfillment.

Central themes include God's unconditional covenant promises (land, descendants, blessing to nations), the call to faith and obedience, the testing of faith through delays and impossibilities, the contrast between divine promises and human schemes, and God's gracious persistence despite human failures. Abraham emerges as the father of faith whose trust in God's promises becomes the model for all believers (Romans 4, Galatians 3, Hebrews 11).

Theologically, these narratives establish:

  1. salvation by grace through faith rather than works
  2. covenant as God's gracious initiative binding Himself to His people
  3. the necessity of patient trust when promises seem impossible
  4. the consequences of attempting to fulfill God's promises through human effort
  5. the pattern of divine testing producing mature faith.

The Abraham cycle foreshadows Christ as the ultimate seed through whom blessing extends to all nations (Galatians 3:16).

Historical Context

The patriarchal narratives (Genesis 12-50) reflect the cultural, social, and legal customs of the ancient Near East during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BCE). Archaeological discoveries including the Mari tablets, Nuzi tablets, and Egyptian records confirm many details: nomadic pastoralism, covenant-making ceremonies, marriage customs, property laws, and international travel patterns described in Genesis.

The cultural practices reflected include: treaty/covenant forms (Genesis 15), bride-price customs (Genesis 24, 29), inheritance laws favoring firstborn sons (Genesis 25, 27), adoption practices (Genesis 15, 30), levirate-type arrangements (Genesis 38), and Egyptian administrative systems (Genesis 41, 47). These parallels confirm Genesis's historical reliability while showing how God worked within ancient cultural frameworks to accomplish His purposes.

For later Israelites, these narratives established their identity as Abraham's descendants, explained their claim to Canaan, justified their possession of Joseph's bones (Exodus 13:19), and provided models of faith despite imperfection. The patriarchs' failures and God's faithfulness encouraged Israel that covenant relationship depended on God's grace rather than human merit. The movement from Mesopotamia to Canaan to Egypt set the stage for the Exodus and conquest narratives.

Questions for Reflection

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