Ezra 8:31

Authorized King James Version

Then we departed from the river of Ahava on the twelfth day of the first month, to go unto Jerusalem: and the hand of our God was upon us, and he delivered us from the hand of the enemy, and of such as lay in wait by the way.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַֽנִּסְעָ֞ה
Then we departed
properly, to pull up, especially the tent-pins, i.e., start on a journey
#2
מִנְּהַ֣ר
from the river
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
#3
אַֽהֲוָ֗א
of Ahava
ahava, a river of babylonia
#4
בִּשְׁנֵ֤ים
on the twelfth
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#5
עָשָׂר֙
ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth
#6
לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ
month
the new moon; by implication, a month
#7
הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן
day of the first
first, in place, time or rank (as adjective or noun)
#8
לָלֶ֖כֶת
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#9
יְרֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם
unto Jerusalem
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
#10
וְיַד
and the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#11
אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙
of our God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#12
הָֽיְתָ֣ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#13
עָלֵ֔ינוּ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#14
וַיַּ֨צִּילֵ֔נוּ
was upon us and he delivered
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
#15
מִכַּ֥ף
us from the hand
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-
#16
אוֹיֵ֛ב
of the enemy
hating; an adversary
#17
וְאוֹרֵ֖ב
and of such as lay in wait
to lurk
#18
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#19
הַדָּֽרֶךְ׃
by the way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Ezra. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection