Ezra 8:29

Authorized King James Version

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Watch ye, and keep them, until ye weigh them before the chief of the priests and the Levites, and chief of the fathers of Israel, at Jerusalem, in the chambers of the house of the LORD.

Original Language Analysis

שִׁקְד֣וּ Watch H8245
שִׁקְד֣וּ Watch
Strong's: H8245
Word #: 1 of 15
to be alert, i.e., sleepless; hence to be on the lookout (whether for good or ill)
וְשִׁמְר֗וּ ye and keep H8104
וְשִׁמְר֗וּ ye and keep
Strong's: H8104
Word #: 2 of 15
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
עַֽד H5704
עַֽד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 3 of 15
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
תִּשְׁקְל֡וּ them until ye weigh H8254
תִּשְׁקְל֡וּ them until ye weigh
Strong's: H8254
Word #: 4 of 15
to suspend or poise (especially in trade)
לִפְנֵי֩ them before H6440
לִפְנֵי֩ them before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 5 of 15
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
וְשָׂרֵֽי and chief H8269
וְשָׂרֵֽי and chief
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 6 of 15
a head person (of any rank or class)
הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֧ים of the priests H3548
הַכֹּֽהֲנִ֧ים of the priests
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 7 of 15
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
וְהַלְוִיִּ֛ם and the Levites H3881
וְהַלְוִיִּ֛ם and the Levites
Strong's: H3881
Word #: 8 of 15
a levite or descendant of levi
וְשָׂרֵֽי and chief H8269
וְשָׂרֵֽי and chief
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 9 of 15
a head person (of any rank or class)
הָאָב֥וֹת of the fathers H1
הָאָב֥וֹת of the fathers
Strong's: H1
Word #: 10 of 15
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel H3478
לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 11 of 15
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
בִּירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם at Jerusalem H3389
בִּירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם at Jerusalem
Strong's: H3389
Word #: 12 of 15
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
הַלִּשְׁכ֖וֹת in the chambers H3957
הַלִּשְׁכ֖וֹת in the chambers
Strong's: H3957
Word #: 13 of 15
a room in a building (whether for storage, eating, or lodging)
בֵּ֥ית of the house H1004
בֵּ֥ית of the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 14 of 15
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
יְהוָֽה׃ of the LORD H3068
יְהוָֽה׃ of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 15 of 15
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis & Commentary

Watch ye, and keep them—שִׁקְדוּ וְשִׁמְרוּ (shiqdu v'shimru, watch and guard/keep) are urgent imperatives. The שָׁקַד (shaqad, be wakeful, watch) implies vigilant alertness—etymologically related to 'almond tree' which blossoms early, thus 'early watcher.' The שָׁמַר (shamar, keep/guard) appears throughout Scripture for covenant-keeping (Deuteronomy 6:17) and priestly duty (Numbers 3:7-8). Both verbs together intensify the command: stay alert, guard carefully. This isn't passive custody but active vigilant protection.

Until ye weigh them before the chief of the priests and the Levites, and chief of the fathers of Israel, at Jerusalem, in the chambers of the house of the LORD—the עַד־תִּשְׁקְלוּ (ad-tishqelu, until you weigh) specifies terminal point: successful delivery. The לִפְנֵי (lifnei, before) indicates public accounting before שָׂרֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים וְהַלְוִיִּם (sarei hakohanim v'haLeviyyim, chiefs of the priests and the Levites) and רָאשֵׁי־הָאָבוֹת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל (rashei-ha'avot l'Yisrael, heads of the fathers of Israel)—comprehensive leadership receiving custody. The בְּלִשְׁכוֹת בֵּית־יְהוָה (b'lishkot beit-YHWH, in the chambers of the house of the LORD) designates temple treasury rooms as final destination. The entire transaction occurs publicly with multiple witnesses, ensuring perfect accountability.

Historical Context

Temple treasury chambers (1 Chronicles 9:26, 28:11-12, Nehemiah 10:37-39, 13:4-13) stored not only precious metals but tithes and offerings. These rooms required Levitical guards (1 Chronicles 9:26) and careful inventory management. Ezra's insistence on public weighing before multiple authorities paralleled ancient Near Eastern commercial contracts requiring witnesses to verify transactions (evidenced in thousands of cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia). This transparency protected both the treasure-bearers from false accusation and the community from embezzlement.

Questions for Reflection

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