Ezra 8:12

Authorized King James Version

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And of the sons of Azgad; Johanan the son of Hakkatan, and with him an hundred and ten males.

Original Language Analysis

בֶּן And of the sons H1121
בֶּן And of the sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 1 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
עַזְגָּ֔ד of Azgad H5803
עַזְגָּ֔ד of Azgad
Strong's: H5803
Word #: 2 of 9
azgad, an israelite
יֽוֹחָנָ֖ן Johanan H3110
יֽוֹחָנָ֖ן Johanan
Strong's: H3110
Word #: 3 of 9
jochanan, the name of nine israelites
בֶּן And of the sons H1121
בֶּן And of the sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
הַקָּטָ֑ן of Hakkatan H6997
הַקָּטָ֑ן of Hakkatan
Strong's: H6997
Word #: 5 of 9
katan, an israelite
וְעִמּ֕וֹ H5973
וְעִמּ֕וֹ
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 6 of 9
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
מֵאָ֥ה and with him an hundred H3967
מֵאָ֥ה and with him an hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 7 of 9
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
וַֽעֲשָׂרָ֖ה and ten H6235
וַֽעֲשָׂרָ֖ה and ten
Strong's: H6235
Word #: 8 of 9
ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)
הַזְּכָרִֽים׃ males H2145
הַזְּכָרִֽים׃ males
Strong's: H2145
Word #: 9 of 9
properly, remembered, i.e., a male (of man or animals, as being the most noteworthy sex)

Analysis & Commentary

And of the sons of Azgad; Johanan the son of Hakkatan, and with him an hundred and ten males. This verse concludes the family census before transitioning to Levites (v. 15ff). Azgad contributed 110 males, a solid mid-sized group. Johanan means 'Yahweh is gracious,' confessing God's unmerited favor. Hakkatan means 'the small one' or 'the young one,' suggesting either physical stature or birth order. The combination is striking: 'Yahweh is gracious' son of 'the small one' encapsulates gospel theology—God's grace flows to the insignificant, not the self-important.

The name Hakkatan ('the small one') may indicate humility or actual circumstances (youngest son, small stature). Either way, it demonstrates that God's choice doesn't depend on human impressiveness. David was the youngest (1 Samuel 16:11), Gideon from the weakest clan (Judges 6:15), and Paul 'least of the apostles' (1 Corinthians 15:9). God delights in choosing 'the small one' to accomplish His purposes, demonstrating that power belongs to Him, not human strength.

The 110 males completing this census provides closure. The combined families totaled approximately 1,500 males plus families—substantial community but fraction of Babylon's total Jewish population. This selective response shows that God's work advances through committed minority, not comfortable majority. The remnant theology operates: God preserves and uses a faithful few to accomplish redemptive purposes.

Historical Context

Azgad's family sent 1,222 with Zerubbabel (Ezra 2:12). The 110 males with Ezra maintained this family's commitment to restoration. Hakkatan ('the small one') as a personal name demonstrates Hebrew naming's flexibility—names could describe physical traits, birth circumstances, or spiritual qualities. The census's conclusion sets up verse 15's crisis: Ezra discovered no Levites had volunteered, requiring special recruitment (vv. 15-20).

Questions for Reflection

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