Ezra 2:55

Authorized King James Version

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The children of Solomon's servants: the children of Sotai, the children of Sophereth, the children of Peruda,

Original Language Analysis

בְּנֵ֥י The children H1121
בְּנֵ֥י The children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 1 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
עַבְדֵ֣י servants H5650
עַבְדֵ֣י servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 2 of 9
a servant
שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה of Solomon's H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה of Solomon's
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 3 of 9
shelomah, david's successor
בְּנֵ֥י The children H1121
בְּנֵ֥י The children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 4 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
סֹטַ֥י of Sotai H5479
סֹטַ֥י of Sotai
Strong's: H5479
Word #: 5 of 9
sotai, one of the nethinim
בְּנֵ֥י The children H1121
בְּנֵ֥י The children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 6 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
הַסֹּפֶ֖רֶת of Sophereth H5618
הַסֹּפֶ֖רֶת of Sophereth
Strong's: H5618
Word #: 7 of 9
sophereth, a temple servant
בְּנֵ֥י The children H1121
בְּנֵ֥י The children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
פְרוּדָֽא׃ of Peruda H6514
פְרוּדָֽא׃ of Peruda
Strong's: H6514
Word #: 9 of 9
peruda or perida, one of 'solomon's servants'

Analysis & Commentary

The children of Solomon's servants (בְּנֵי עַבְדֵי שְׁלֹמֹה)—A distinct category from Nethinim, these were descendants of Canaanite peoples Solomon subjected to forced labor (1 Kings 9:20-21). Sotai means "straying," Sophereth (סוֹפֶרֶת) means "scribe" or "numberer," and Peruda means "kernel" or "separated."

That avdei Shlomo (Solomon's slaves) maintained distinct identity for 500+ years is remarkable. Their voluntary return from exile—where they lived as free men—to resume temple service demonstrates covenant loyalty transcending their servile origins. Paul later applies this metaphor: Christians are "bondservants of Christ" (Romans 1:1), finding true freedom in voluntary service.

Historical Context

Solomon employed forced labor from conquered Canaanite populations (Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, Jebusites) for temple construction and other projects. Unlike the Nethinim (given to temple service), Solomon's servants performed royal and civil duties. Their descendants' inclusion in the return census shows full integration into post-exilic Judean society.

Questions for Reflection