Ezekiel 40:39

Authorized King James Version

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And in the porch of the gate were two tables on this side, and two tables on that side, to slay thereon the burnt offering and the sin offering and the trespass offering.

Original Language Analysis

וּבְאֻלָ֣ם And in the porch H197
וּבְאֻלָ֣ם And in the porch
Strong's: H197
Word #: 1 of 13
a vestibule (as bound to the building)
הַשַּׁ֗עַר of the gate H8179
הַשַּׁ֗עַר of the gate
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 2 of 13
an opening, i.e., door or gate
וּשְׁנַ֥יִם were two H8147
וּשְׁנַ֥יִם were two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 3 of 13
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
שֻׁלְחָנ֖וֹת on this side and two tables H7979
שֻׁלְחָנ֖וֹת on this side and two tables
Strong's: H7979
Word #: 4 of 13
a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal
מִפּ֔וֹ H6311
מִפּ֔וֹ
Strong's: H6311
Word #: 5 of 13
this place (french ici), i.e., here or hence
וּשְׁנַ֥יִם were two H8147
וּשְׁנַ֥יִם were two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 6 of 13
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
שֻׁלְחָנ֖וֹת on this side and two tables H7979
שֻׁלְחָנ֖וֹת on this side and two tables
Strong's: H7979
Word #: 7 of 13
a table (as spread out); by implication, a meal
מִפֹּ֑ה H6311
מִפֹּ֑ה
Strong's: H6311
Word #: 8 of 13
this place (french ici), i.e., here or hence
לִשְׁח֤וֹט on that side to slay H7819
לִשְׁח֤וֹט on that side to slay
Strong's: H7819
Word #: 9 of 13
to slaughter (in sacrifice or massacre)
אֲלֵיהֶם֙ H413
אֲלֵיהֶם֙
Strong's: H413
Word #: 10 of 13
near, with or among; often in general, to
הָעוֹלָ֔ה thereon the burnt offering H5930
הָעוֹלָ֔ה thereon the burnt offering
Strong's: H5930
Word #: 11 of 13
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)
וְהַחַטָּ֖את and the sin offering H2403
וְהַחַטָּ֖את and the sin offering
Strong's: H2403
Word #: 12 of 13
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
וְהָאָשָֽׁם׃ and the trespass offering H817
וְהָאָשָֽׁם׃ and the trespass offering
Strong's: H817
Word #: 13 of 13
guilt; by implication, a fault; also a sin-offering

Analysis & Commentary

The eight tables (four pairs) for slaying offerings demonstrate systematic provision for multiple sacrifices. Three offering types appear: burnt offering (total consecration), sin offering (atonement for unintentional sin), and trespass offering (restitution for specific wrongs). This triad addresses humanity's comprehensive need: positional sanctification (burnt), cleansing from pollution (sin), and restitution for damages (trespass). The Hebrew verb שָׁחַט (shachat, 'slay') emphasizes violent death—sin's cost is blood. The tables' location 'in the porch of the gate' meant sacrificial death occurred at the threshold between outer court and inner sanctum—graphic reminder that approach to God's presence requires death. Reformed theology emphasizes penal substitution: Christ died the death we deserved (2 Corinthians 5:21, 1 Peter 2:24). These tables typify Calvary where the Lamb of God was slain for our sins.

Historical Context

Levitical law distinguished between burnt offerings (Leviticus 1), sin offerings (Leviticus 4), and trespass/guilt offerings (Leviticus 5-6). Each addressed different aspects of covenant relationship. Burnt offerings expressed worship and complete devotion. Sin offerings atoned for ritual impurity and unintentional violations. Trespass offerings required restitution plus 20% for offenses against God or neighbor (Leviticus 5:14-6:7). The sacrificial system taught that sin affects multiple dimensions: vertical relationship with God and horizontal relationships with others. The tables' stone construction (verse 42) provided permanent, sturdy surfaces for butchering animals—messy, necessary work. For the exiles, this vision promised not merely symbolic restoration but actual, physical resumption of sacrificial worship foreshadowing Christ's ultimate sacrifice.

Questions for Reflection

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