Ezekiel 31:18

Authorized King James Version

To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that be slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#2
מִ֨י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#3
דָמִ֥יתָ
To whom art thou thus like
to compare; by implication, to resemble, liken, consider
#4
כָּ֛כָה
just so, referring to the previous or following context
#5
בְּכָב֥וֹד
in glory
properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness
#6
וּבְגֹ֖דֶל
and in greatness
magnitude (literally or figuratively)
#7
עֲצֵי
among the trees
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#8
עֵ֜דֶן
of Eden
eden, the region of adam's home
#9
וְהוּרַדְתָּ֙
yet shalt thou be brought down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#10
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#11
עֲצֵי
among the trees
a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)
#12
עֵ֜דֶן
of Eden
eden, the region of adam's home
#13
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#14
אֶ֣רֶץ
of the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#15
תַּחְתִּ֗ית
unto the nether parts
lowermost; as noun (feminine plural) the depths (figuratively, a pit, the womb)
#16
בְּת֨וֹךְ
in the midst
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
#17
עֲרֵלִ֤ים
of the uncircumcised
properly, exposed, i.e., projecting loose (as to the prepuce); used only technically, uncircumcised (i.e., still having the prepuce uncurtailed)
#18
תִּשְׁכַּב֙
thou shalt lie
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
#19
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#20
חַלְלֵי
with them that be slain
pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted
#21
חֶ֔רֶב
by the sword
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
#22
ה֤וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#23
פַרְעֹה֙
This is Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#24
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#25
הֲמוֹנֹ֔ה
and all his multitude
a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth
#26
נְאֻ֖ם
saith
an oracle
#27
אֲדֹנָ֥י
the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#28
יְהוִֽה׃
GOD
god

Analysis

Within the broader context of Ezekiel, this passage highlights salvation through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of glory connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about glory, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Ezekiel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood glory. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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