Ezekiel 17:19

Authorized King James Version

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Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; As I live, surely mine oath that he hath despised, and my covenant that he hath broken, even it will I recompense upon his own head.

Original Language Analysis

לָכֵ֞ן H3651
לָכֵ֞ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 1 of 17
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
כֹּה H3541
כֹּה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 2 of 17
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֨ר Therefore thus saith H559
אָמַ֨ר Therefore thus saith
Strong's: H559
Word #: 3 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
אֲדֹנָ֣י the Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֣י the Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 4 of 17
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
יְהוִה֮ GOD H3069
יְהוִה֮ GOD
Strong's: H3069
Word #: 5 of 17
god
חַי As I live H2416
חַי As I live
Strong's: H2416
Word #: 6 of 17
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
אָנִי֒ H589
אָנִי֒
Strong's: H589
Word #: 7 of 17
i
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 8 of 17
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
לֹ֗א H3808
לֹ֗א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 9 of 17
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אָֽלָתִי֙ surely mine oath H423
אָֽלָתִי֙ surely mine oath
Strong's: H423
Word #: 10 of 17
an imprecation
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 11 of 17
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
בָּזָ֔ה that he hath despised H959
בָּזָ֔ה that he hath despised
Strong's: H959
Word #: 12 of 17
to disesteem
וּבְרִיתִ֖י and my covenant H1285
וּבְרִיתִ֖י and my covenant
Strong's: H1285
Word #: 13 of 17
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 14 of 17
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הֵפִ֑יר that he hath broken H6331
הֵפִ֑יר that he hath broken
Strong's: H6331
Word #: 15 of 17
to crush
וּנְתַתִּ֖יו even it will I recompense H5414
וּנְתַתִּ֖יו even it will I recompense
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 16 of 17
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
בְּרֹאשֽׁוֹ׃ upon his own head H7218
בְּרֹאשֽׁוֹ׃ upon his own head
Strong's: H7218
Word #: 17 of 17
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

Analysis & Commentary

'He hath despised mine oath, and hath broken my covenant.' What appeared merely political was actually oath to God. When Zedekiah swore before Yahweh as witness, he bound himself to God, not just Nebuchadnezzar. 'I will even bring it upon his head'—covenant curse language. God takes personal responsibility: 'I will...' His reputation is at stake.

Historical Context

Ancient treaties invoked deities as witnesses and enforcers. The Babylon-Judah treaty explicitly named Yahweh. Breaking this oath defied God Himself. This explains judgment's intensity—not merely political but covenant curses. Deuteronomic covenant (Deuteronomy 28-30) specified curses for disobedience: conquest, exile, royal humiliation.

Questions for Reflection

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