Ezekiel 16:18

Authorized King James Version

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And tookest thy broidered garments, and coveredst them: and thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them.

Original Language Analysis

וַתִּקְחִ֛י And tookest H3947
וַתִּקְחִ֛י And tookest
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 1 of 9
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 9
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בִּגְדֵ֥י garments H899
בִּגְדֵ֥י garments
Strong's: H899
Word #: 3 of 9
a covering, i.e., clothing
רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ thy broidered H7553
רִקְמָתֵ֖ךְ thy broidered
Strong's: H7553
Word #: 4 of 9
variegation of color; specifically, embroidery
וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים and coveredst H3680
וַתְּכַסִּ֑ים and coveredst
Strong's: H3680
Word #: 5 of 9
properly, to plump, i.e., fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)
וְשַׁמְנִי֙ mine oil H8081
וְשַׁמְנִי֙ mine oil
Strong's: H8081
Word #: 6 of 9
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י and mine incense H7004
וּקְטָרְתִּ֔י and mine incense
Strong's: H7004
Word #: 7 of 9
a fumigation
נָתַ֖תְּי them and thou hast set H5414
נָתַ֖תְּי them and thou hast set
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 8 of 9
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃ before H6440
לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃ before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 9 of 9
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

Analysis & Commentary

Thou hast set mine oil and mine incense before them—The Hebrew shemen (שֶׁמֶן, oil) and qetoreth (קְטֹרֶת, incense) were sacred items reserved exclusively for YHWH's worship (Exodus 30:22-33). Jerusalem's spiritual adultery reached its nadir by taking covenant gifts—broidered garments (רִקְמָה, elaborate embroidered vestments)—and using them to adorn idols. This wasn't mere apostasy but covenant betrayal using the very symbols of God's provision.

The prophetic imagery intensifies: Jerusalem dressed her idol-lovers with garments God provided, burned incense meant for His altar, and offered His oil to false gods. Paul's warning against using 'liberty for an occasion to the flesh' (Galatians 5:13) echoes this principle—perverting divine gifts into instruments of rebellion.

Historical Context

During Manasseh's reign (697-642 BC) and the decades before Babylon's invasion, Jerusalem's temple precincts hosted Asherah poles, astral cult altars, and syncretistic worship. Archaeological evidence from Tel Arad and Lachish confirms oil and incense were central to both legitimate and illicit worship.

Questions for Reflection

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