Ezekiel 16:14

Authorized King James Version

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And thy renown went forth among the heathen for thy beauty: for it was perfect through my comeliness, which I had put upon thee, saith the Lord GOD.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּ֨צֵא went forth H3318
וַיֵּ֨צֵא went forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 1 of 15
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
לָ֥ךְ H0
לָ֥ךְ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 15
שֵׁ֛ם And thy renown H8034
שֵׁ֛ם And thy renown
Strong's: H8034
Word #: 3 of 15
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם among the heathen H1471
בַּגּוֹיִ֖ם among the heathen
Strong's: H1471
Word #: 4 of 15
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
בְּיָפְיֵ֑ךְ for thy beauty H3308
בְּיָפְיֵ֑ךְ for thy beauty
Strong's: H3308
Word #: 5 of 15
beauty
כִּ֣י׀ H3588
כִּ֣י׀
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 6 of 15
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
כָּלִ֣יל for it was perfect H3632
כָּלִ֣יל for it was perfect
Strong's: H3632
Word #: 7 of 15
complete; as noun, the whole (specifically, a sacrifice entirely consumed); as adverb, fully
ה֗וּא H1931
ה֗וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 8 of 15
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
בַּֽהֲדָרִי֙ through my comeliness H1926
בַּֽהֲדָרִי֙ through my comeliness
Strong's: H1926
Word #: 9 of 15
magnificence, i.e., ornament or splendor
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 10 of 15
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
שַׂ֣מְתִּי which I had put H7760
שַׂ֣מְתִּי which I had put
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 11 of 15
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
עָלַ֔יִךְ H5921
עָלַ֔יִךְ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 12 of 15
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
נְאֻ֖ם upon thee saith H5002
נְאֻ֖ם upon thee saith
Strong's: H5002
Word #: 13 of 15
an oracle
אֲדֹנָ֥י the Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֥י the Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 14 of 15
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
יְהוִֽה׃ H3068
יְהוִֽה׃
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 15 of 15
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis & Commentary

And thy renown went forth among the heathen for thy beauty: for it was perfect through my comeliness, which I had put upon thee, saith the Lord GOD. This verse acknowledges international recognition of Israel glory while attributing all beauty entirely to God work. The nation reputation derived completely from divine grace, not inherent merit—a crucial truth they would soon forget.

Thy renown went forth among the heathen indicates Israel fame spread internationally. Other nations recognized Israel unique status, prosperity, and wisdom (1 Kings 4:34, 10:1-13). This fulfilled Abrahamic covenant promise that Israel would be blessing to nations (Genesis 12:2-3) and demonstrate God glory to the world.

For thy beauty: for it was perfect provides reason for the fame—incomparable beauty and excellence. Perfect indicates completeness, wholeness, lacking nothing. Yet this perfection is immediately qualified: through my comeliness, which I had put upon thee. The beauty is entirely derivative. God comeliness (glory, splendor, beauty) transferred to Israel makes them beautiful. Saith the Lord GOD adds divine authority to this interpretation.

From Reformed perspective, this demonstrates the doctrine of alien righteousness. Believers have no intrinsic beauty or merit; all our acceptability before God derives from Christ righteousness imputed to us (2 Corinthians 5:21, Philippians 3:9). Any spiritual beauty we possess comes from Him who makes us beautiful through His glory.

Historical Context

During Solomon reign, Israel indeed achieved international renown. The Queen of Sheba traveled great distance to witness his wisdom and wealth (1 Kings 10). Other nations sought alliance and trade. Israel unique possession of divine revelation, law, and wisdom tradition gave them distinctive status among ancient Near Eastern peoples.

However, this renown was completely dependent on God covenant faithfulness, not Israelite intrinsic superiority. Deuteronomy repeatedly warned against pride (8:17-18, 9:4-6). God chose Israel not because they were greater or more righteous than others but according to His sovereign grace and covenant promise to Abraham.

Archaeological evidence confirms Israel prominence during united monarchy period. Hebrew became known trade language; Solomon administrative wisdom was recognized; the temple became architectural wonder. Yet this was brief golden age; subsequent division and apostasy led to decline.

The verse sets up tragic irony. Israel renown should have led to humble gratitude acknowledging God as source. Instead, it produced pride and idolatry, as subsequent verses describe. They forgot the beauty was God gift and imagined it was their own achievement.

Questions for Reflection

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