Exodus 35:12
The ark, and the staves thereof, with the mercy seat, and the vail of the covering,
Original Language Analysis
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
1 of 9
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
וְאֶת
H853
וְאֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
3 of 9
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בַּדָּ֖יו
and the staves
H905
בַּדָּ֖יו
and the staves
Strong's:
H905
Word #:
4 of 9
properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with preposit
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
5 of 9
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַכַּפֹּ֑רֶת
thereof with the mercy seat
H3727
הַכַּפֹּ֑רֶת
thereof with the mercy seat
Strong's:
H3727
Word #:
6 of 9
a lid (used only of the cover of the sacred ark)
וְאֵ֖ת
H853
וְאֵ֖ת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
7 of 9
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
Historical Context
The mishkan was a portable sanctuary designed for a nomadic people, measuring 30 cubits long by 10 cubits wide by 10 cubits high (approximately 45' × 15' × 15'). Unlike permanent temples, it could be assembled, disassembled, and transported throughout wilderness wanderings.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the portable nature of the tabernacle reflect Israel's pilgrim status and God's accompaniment through their journey?
- In what ways does the tabernacle's progressive layers of holiness prepare us to understand Christ as the ultimate meeting place between God and humanity?
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Analysis & Commentary
The tabernacle itself (הַמִּשְׁכָּן, ha-mishkan, 'dwelling place') heads the construction list, emphasizing God's primary purpose: dwelling with His people (25:8). The tent (אֹהֶל, ohel) and covering (מִכְסֵהוּ, mikhsehu) distinguish the inner dwelling from outer protective layers. This structure—sacred space surrounded by successive coverings—illustrates degrees of holiness and progressive revelation, ultimately fulfilled when God tabernacles among us in Christ (John 1:14, σκηνόω, skenoo, 'to tabernacle').