Esther 5:11

Authorized King James Version

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And Haman told them of the glory of his riches, and the multitude of his children, and all the things wherein the king had promoted him, and how he had advanced him above the princes and servants of the king.

Original Language Analysis

וַיְסַפֵּ֨ר told H5608
וַיְסַפֵּ֨ר told
Strong's: H5608
Word #: 1 of 20
properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e., (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e., celebra
לָהֶ֥ם H1992
לָהֶ֥ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 2 of 20
they (only used when emphatic)
הָמָ֛ן And Haman H2001
הָמָ֛ן And Haman
Strong's: H2001
Word #: 3 of 20
haman, a persian vizier
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 4 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כְּב֥וֹד them of the glory H3519
כְּב֥וֹד them of the glory
Strong's: H3519
Word #: 5 of 20
properly, weight, but only figuratively in a good sense, splendor or copiousness
עָשְׁר֖וֹ of his riches H6239
עָשְׁר֖וֹ of his riches
Strong's: H6239
Word #: 6 of 20
wealth
וְרֹ֣ב and the multitude H7230
וְרֹ֣ב and the multitude
Strong's: H7230
Word #: 7 of 20
abundance (in any respect)
בָּנָ֑יו of his children H1121
בָּנָ֑יו of his children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 20
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
וְאֵת֩ H853
וְאֵת֩
Strong's: H853
Word #: 9 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 10 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 11 of 20
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
גִּדְּל֤וֹ had promoted H1431
גִּדְּל֤וֹ had promoted
Strong's: H1431
Word #: 12 of 20
to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ and all the things wherein the king H4428
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ and all the things wherein the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 13 of 20
a king
וְאֵ֣ת H853
וְאֵ֣ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 14 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 15 of 20
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
נִשְּׂא֔וֹ him and how he had advanced H5375
נִשְּׂא֔וֹ him and how he had advanced
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 16 of 20
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 17 of 20
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
הַשָּׂרִ֖ים him above the princes H8269
הַשָּׂרִ֖ים him above the princes
Strong's: H8269
Word #: 18 of 20
a head person (of any rank or class)
וְעַבְדֵ֥י and servants H5650
וְעַבְדֵ֥י and servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 19 of 20
a servant
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ and all the things wherein the king H4428
הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ and all the things wherein the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 20 of 20
a king

Analysis & Commentary

And Haman told them of the glory of his riches, and the multitude of his children, and all the things wherein the king had promoted him, and how he had advanced him above the princes and servants of the king. Before revealing his grievance about Mordecai, Haman catalogued his advantages to his wife and friends. The narrative parallels verse 5:11 with slightly different wording, emphasizing how Haman's bragging set up the dramatic contrast with his complaint. Despite enormous success, Mordecai's refusal to bow devastates him. This repetition demonstrates literary technique emphasizing Haman's character: pride that requires constant validation and cannot enjoy blessing when ego is wounded. The tragic irony is that all these blessings—wealth, children, position—will be lost due to pride's destructive trajectory.

Historical Context

The repetition of Haman's boasting (here in 5:11 and earlier recounted to the narrator) creates emphasis showing this was characteristic behavior. Ancient Near Eastern culture valued honor and status, making Haman's recitation of achievements culturally understandable. However, the narrative's ironic presentation reveals that such pride prevents contentment and leads to destruction. The reference to his many sons (specified as ten sons in 9:7-10) represented particular blessing in ancient culture, yet all would die due to their father's pride. This demonstrates how pride destroys not only the proud but also those connected to them.

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