Ecclesiastes 6:5
Moreover he hath not seen the sun, nor known any thing: this hath more rest than the other.
Original Language Analysis
Historical Context
The concept of 'rest' held deep significance in Israelite theology. The Sabbath rest commemorated both creation (Exodus 20:11) and redemption (Deuteronomy 5:15). Promised Land was described as rest from enemies (Deuteronomy 12:9-10). The Preacher's claim that a stillborn has 'more rest' than a dissatisfied wealthy person subverts conventional wisdom—rest comes not from accumulation but from either non-existence or faithful enjoyment of God's gifts. Hebrews later develops this theme: true rest comes through faith in Christ, not earthly achievement (Hebrews 4:1-11). The Puritans emphasized that rest is primarily spiritual—peace with God through Christ—not merely cessation of labor or accumulation of comfort.
Questions for Reflection
- What does it mean that the unconscious stillborn has 'more rest' than the conscious but dissatisfied wealthy person?
- How do you pursue rest—through accumulation and achievement, or through faithful enjoyment of God's gifts and trust in His providence?
Analysis & Commentary
Moreover he hath not seen the sun, nor known any thing (גַּם־שֶׁמֶשׁ לֹא־רָאָה וְלֹא יָדָע, gam-shemesh lo-ra'ah velo yada)—the stillborn never experiences conscious life. Not seeing the sun means not experiencing earthly existence; not knowing anything means lacking consciousness entirely. This hath more rest than the other (נַחַת לָזֶה מִזֶּה, nachat lazeh mizeh)—the Hebrew nachat denotes rest, quiet, or repose. The stillborn has 'more rest' than the wealthy person who lives long, accumulates much, but finds no satisfaction.
This paradoxical claim—unconscious non-existence provides more rest than conscious life—forces readers to confront what makes existence worthwhile. The answer emerges throughout Ecclesiastes: life gains meaning not from accumulation, longevity, or achievement, but from receiving each day as God's gift, enjoyed in His fear and obeying His commandments (2:24-26; 12:13). Without this theological framework, even maximal blessings prove worse than never existing.