Ecclesiastes 1:17

Authorized King James Version

And I gave my heart to know wisdom, and to know madness and folly: I perceived that this also is vexation of spirit.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וָאֶתְּנָ֤ה
And I gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
לִבִּי֙
my heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
#3
יָדַ֕עְתִּי
I perceived
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#4
חָכְמָ֔ה
wisdom
wisdom (in a good sense)
#5
יָדַ֕עְתִּי
I perceived
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#6
הוֹלֵל֖וֹת
madness
folly
#7
וְשִׂכְל֑וּת
and folly
silliness
#8
יָדַ֕עְתִּי
I perceived
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#9
שֶׁגַּם
that this
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
#10
זֶ֥ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#11
ה֖וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#12
רַעְי֥וֹן
also is vexation
desire
#13
רֽוּחַ׃
of spirit
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing wisdom contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood wisdom. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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