Deuteronomy 24:7

Authorized King James Version

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If a man be found stealing any of his brethren of the children of Israel, and maketh merchandise of him, or selleth him; then that thief shall die; and thou shalt put evil away from among you.

Original Language Analysis

כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
יִמָּצֵ֣א be found H4672
יִמָּצֵ֣א be found
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 2 of 17
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
אִ֗ישׁ If a man H376
אִ֗ישׁ If a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 3 of 17
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
גֹּנֵ֨ב stealing H1589
גֹּנֵ֨ב stealing
Strong's: H1589
Word #: 4 of 17
to thieve (literally or figuratively); by implication, to deceive
נֶ֤פֶשׁ any H5315
נֶ֤פֶשׁ any
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 5 of 17
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
מֵֽאֶחָיו֙ of his brethren H251
מֵֽאֶחָיו֙ of his brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 6 of 17
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
מִבְּנֵ֣י of the children H1121
מִבְּנֵ֣י of the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 7 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 8 of 17
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
וְהִתְעַמֶּר and maketh merchandise H6014
וְהִתְעַמֶּר and maketh merchandise
Strong's: H6014
Word #: 9 of 17
properly, apparently to heap; figuratively, to chastise (as if piling blows); to gather grain
בּ֖וֹ H0
בּ֖וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 10 of 17
וּמְכָר֑וֹ of him or selleth H4376
וּמְכָר֑וֹ of him or selleth
Strong's: H4376
Word #: 11 of 17
to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)
וּמֵת֙ shall die H4191
וּמֵת֙ shall die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 12 of 17
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
הַגַּנָּ֣ב him then that thief H1590
הַגַּנָּ֣ב him then that thief
Strong's: H1590
Word #: 13 of 17
a stealer
הַה֔וּא H1931
הַה֔וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 14 of 17
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ and thou shalt put H1197
וּבִֽעַרְתָּ֥ and thou shalt put
Strong's: H1197
Word #: 15 of 17
to be(-come) brutish
הָרָ֖ע evil H7451
הָרָ֖ע evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 16 of 17
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ from among H7130
מִקִּרְבֶּֽךָ׃ from among
Strong's: H7130
Word #: 17 of 17
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)

Analysis & Commentary

If a man be found stealing any of his brethren of the children of Israel, and maketh merchandise of him, or selleth him; then that thief shall die; and thou shalt put evil away from among you. Kidnapping and human trafficking merit capital punishment - stealing persons is far more serious than stealing property. Human beings created in God's image possess inherent dignity that their commodification violates.

The phrase maketh merchandise of him condemns treating people as tradable goods. Humans are not commodities to be bought and sold but image-bearers deserving respect and freedom. Reducing persons to economic assets fundamentally violates their created nature.

The death penalty for kidnappers demonstrates the severity of this crime. While property theft merits restitution, person-theft merits death. God values human freedom and dignity supremely.

The command put evil away from among you requires capital punishment not merely for retribution but for purging wickedness from the community. Some evils are so severe they must be eliminated to preserve covenant holiness.

Historical Context

Joseph's brothers committed this crime when they sold him into Egyptian slavery (Genesis 37:28). Though God providentially used this evil for good, the act itself merited death under God's law.

Ancient Near Eastern slave trade was extensive. This law prohibited Israelites from participating in kidnapping and trafficking fellow covenant members.

Questions for Reflection

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