Deuteronomy 1:42

Authorized King James Version

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And the LORD said unto me, Say unto them, Go not up, neither fight; for I am not among you; lest ye be smitten before your enemies.

Original Language Analysis

אֱמֹ֤ר said H559
אֱמֹ֤ר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֜ה And the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֜ה And the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 2 of 16
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֵלַ֗י H413
אֵלַ֗י
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 16
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֱמֹ֤ר said H559
אֱמֹ֤ר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 4 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
לָהֶם֙ H0
לָהֶם֙
Strong's: H0
Word #: 5 of 16
לֹ֤א H3808
לֹ֤א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 6 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תַֽעֲלוּ֙ unto them Go not up H5927
תַֽעֲלוּ֙ unto them Go not up
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 7 of 16
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
וְלֹא H3808
וְלֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ neither fight H3898
תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ neither fight
Strong's: H3898
Word #: 9 of 16
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
כִּ֥י H3588
כִּ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 10 of 16
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אֵינֶ֖נִּי H369
אֵינֶ֖נִּי
Strong's: H369
Word #: 11 of 16
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם for I am not among H7130
בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם for I am not among
Strong's: H7130
Word #: 12 of 16
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
וְלֹא֙ H3808
וְלֹא֙
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 13 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ you lest ye be smitten H5062
תִּנָּֽגְפ֔וּ you lest ye be smitten
Strong's: H5062
Word #: 14 of 16
to push, gore, defeat, stub (the toe), inflict (a disease)
לִפְנֵ֖י before H6440
לִפְנֵ֖י before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 15 of 16
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
אֹֽיְבֵיכֶֽם׃ your enemies H341
אֹֽיְבֵיכֶֽם׃ your enemies
Strong's: H341
Word #: 16 of 16
hating; an adversary

Analysis & Commentary

God's explicit command 'Go not up, neither fight' followed by the warning 'for I am not among you' reveals the futility of religious activity divorced from divine presence. The promise that 'ye shall be smitten' demonstrates God's sovereign control over outcomes—human zeal cannot substitute for divine authorization. This verse illustrates the Reformed principle that God's blessing depends on His presence, not human effort. Without God's Spirit empowering, all endeavors fail (Zechariah 4:6). The LORD's absence guarantees defeat, regardless of human resources or enthusiasm.

Historical Context

Set at Kadesh-barnea circa 1445 BC. Moses, speaking as God's prophet, warned Israel that their presumptuous attack would fail because God had withdrawn His presence as judgment for their previous unbelief. The Ark of the Covenant—symbol of God's presence—and Moses both remained in camp, signifying divine non-participation in this unauthorized military campaign (Numbers 14:44).

Questions for Reflection

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