1 Samuel 26:12

Authorized King James Version

PDF

So David took the spear and the cruse of water from Saul's bolster; and they gat them away, and no man saw it, nor knew it, neither awaked: for they were all asleep; because a deep sleep from the LORD was fallen upon them.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּקַּח֩ took H3947
וַיִּקַּח֩ took
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 1 of 25
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
דָּוִ֨ד So David H1732
דָּוִ֨ד So David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 2 of 25
david, the youngest son of jesse
אֶֽת H853
אֶֽת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 25
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הַחֲנִ֜ית the spear H2595
הַחֲנִ֜ית the spear
Strong's: H2595
Word #: 4 of 25
a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent)
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 25
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
צַפַּ֤חַת and the cruse H6835
צַפַּ֤חַת and the cruse
Strong's: H6835
Word #: 6 of 25
a saucer (as flat)
הַמַּ֙יִם֙ of water H4325
הַמַּ֙יִם֙ of water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 7 of 25
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
מֵרַֽאֲשֹׁתֵ֣י bolster H7226
מֵרַֽאֲשֹׁתֵ֣י bolster
Strong's: H7226
Word #: 8 of 25
a pillow (being for the head)
שָׁא֔וּל from Saul's H7586
שָׁא֔וּל from Saul's
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 9 of 25
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
וַיֵּֽלְכ֖וּ H1980
וַיֵּֽלְכ֖וּ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 10 of 25
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
לָהֶ֑ם H0
לָהֶ֑ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 11 of 25
וְאֵ֣ין H369
וְאֵ֣ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 12 of 25
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
רֹאֶה֩ and no man saw H7200
רֹאֶה֩ and no man saw
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 13 of 25
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
וְאֵ֨ין H369
וְאֵ֨ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 14 of 25
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
יוֹדֵ֜עַ it nor knew H3045
יוֹדֵ֜עַ it nor knew
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 15 of 25
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
וְאֵ֣ין H369
וְאֵ֣ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 16 of 25
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מֵקִ֗יץ it neither awaked H6974
מֵקִ֗יץ it neither awaked
Strong's: H6974
Word #: 17 of 25
to awake (literally or figuratively)
כִּ֤י H3588
כִּ֤י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 18 of 25
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
כֻלָּם֙ H3605
כֻלָּם֙
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 19 of 25
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
יְשֵׁנִ֔ים for they were all asleep H3463
יְשֵׁנִ֔ים for they were all asleep
Strong's: H3463
Word #: 20 of 25
sleepy
כִּ֚י H3588
כִּ֚י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 21 of 25
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
תַּרְדֵּמַ֣ת because a deep sleep H8639
תַּרְדֵּמַ֣ת because a deep sleep
Strong's: H8639
Word #: 22 of 25
a lethargy or (by implication) trance
יְהוָ֔ה from the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֔ה from the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 23 of 25
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
נָֽפְלָ֖ה was fallen H5307
נָֽפְלָ֖ה was fallen
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 24 of 25
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ H5921
עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 25 of 25
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis & Commentary

The narrative reveals divine intervention through the 'deep sleep from the LORD' (Hebrew: 'tardemah') that fell upon Saul's camp. This same word describes Adam's sleep during Eve's creation and Abram's during the covenant vision. God's sovereign control ensures David's protection through supernatural means while preserving David's moral integrity. The phrase 'no man saw it, nor knew it, neither awaked' emphasizes the completeness of divine protection that allowed David to accomplish his mission without bloodshed.

Historical Context

The Hebrew 'tardemah' describes a divinely induced unconsciousness that appears at crucial moments in Israel's history. This supernatural sleep prevented any possibility of David being detected, demonstrating that God Himself orchestrated both the opportunity and the protection.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources