1 Kings 2:9

Authorized King James Version

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Now therefore hold him not guiltless: for thou art a wise man, and knowest what thou oughtest to do unto him; but his hoar head bring thou down to the grave with blood.

Original Language Analysis

וְעַתָּה֙ H6258
וְעַתָּה֙
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 1 of 17
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
אַל H408
אַל
Strong's: H408
Word #: 2 of 17
not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing
תְּנַקֵּ֔הוּ Now therefore hold him not guiltless H5352
תְּנַקֵּ֔הוּ Now therefore hold him not guiltless
Strong's: H5352
Word #: 3 of 17
to be (or make) clean (literally or figuratively); by implication (in an adverse sense) to be bare, i.e., extirpated
כִּ֛י H3588
כִּ֛י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 4 of 17
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אִ֥ישׁ man H376
אִ֥ישׁ man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 5 of 17
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
חָכָ֖ם for thou art a wise H2450
חָכָ֖ם for thou art a wise
Strong's: H2450
Word #: 6 of 17
wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)
אָ֑תָּה H859
אָ֑תָּה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 7 of 17
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
וְיָֽדַעְתָּ֙ and knowest H3045
וְיָֽדַעְתָּ֙ and knowest
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 8 of 17
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
אֵ֣ת H853
אֵ֣ת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 9 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲשֶׁ֣ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 10 of 17
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
תַּֽעֲשֶׂה what thou oughtest to do H6213
תַּֽעֲשֶׂה what thou oughtest to do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 11 of 17
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
לּ֔וֹ H0
לּ֔וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 17
וְהֽוֹרַדְתָּ֧ bring thou down H3381
וְהֽוֹרַדְתָּ֧ bring thou down
Strong's: H3381
Word #: 13 of 17
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 14 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
שֵֽׂיבָת֛וֹ unto him but his hoar head H7872
שֵֽׂיבָת֛וֹ unto him but his hoar head
Strong's: H7872
Word #: 15 of 17
old age
בְּדָ֖ם with blood H1818
בְּדָ֖ם with blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 16 of 17
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
שְׁאֽוֹל׃ to the grave H7585
שְׁאֽוֹל׃ to the grave
Strong's: H7585
Word #: 17 of 17
hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates

Analysis & Commentary

Now therefore hold him not guiltless: for thou art a wise man, and knowest what thou oughtest to do unto him; but his hoar head bring thou down to the grave with blood.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of david's death and solomon's consolidation of power, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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