Psalms 123:3
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Psalms 123:3
3 Have mercy upon us, O LORD, have mercy upon us: for we are exceedingly filled with contempt.
Chapter Context
Psalms 123 is a poetic and liturgical chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of obedience, mercy. Written during various periods (c. 1000-400 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Temple worship utilized these compositions across various periods of Israel's history.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-4: Introduction and setting the context
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Psalms and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Psalms 123:3
3 Have mercy upon us, O LORD, have mercy upon us: for we are exceedingly filled with contempt.
Analysis
The cry for mercy intensifies: 'Have mercy upon us, O LORD, have mercy upon us: for we are exceedingly filled with contempt.' The double plea 'have mercy...have mercy' expresses desperation. Hebrew 'chanan' (have mercy) denotes gracious favor undeserved by the recipient. The reason follows: 'we are exceedingly filled with contempt.' The word 'exceedingly' (Hebrew 'rav') means abundant, great, much - contempt has reached intolerable levels. 'Contempt' involves scorn, mockery, and disdain - being treated as worthless or despicable. To be 'filled' with contempt suggests saturation; the psalmist can endure no more. This verse reveals that the need for mercy stems from social oppression and mockery. The appeal to God acknowledges that human vindication is impossible - only divine mercy can relieve the burden of contempt.
Historical Context
Israelites faced contempt from surrounding nations, particularly during periods of weakness, exile, or subjugation. Mockery attacked not just individual dignity but covenant identity - enemies scorned both Israel and Israel's God. Contempt from the proud (v. 4) was especially painful because it came from those who should have been humbled.
Reflection
- Why does the psalmist cry for mercy twice rather than once?
- How does contempt from others create spiritual crisis requiring divine intervention?
- What does it mean to be 'filled' with contempt, and how does this affect faith?
- How did Jesus experience contempt, and how does His experience comfort those who face mockery?
- What is the proper response to contempt - human vindication or appeal to divine mercy?
Word Studies
- Lord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai) H3068 - The LORD / Lord
Cross-References
- Grace: Psalms 57:1