Proverbs 3:31
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Proverbs 3:31
31 Envy thou not the oppressor, and choose none of his ways.
Chapter Context
Proverbs 3 is a wisdom sayings chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of mercy, discipleship, redemption. Written during primarily Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient Near Eastern wisdom literature was common in royal courts for training officials.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-35: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it addresses timeless questions about faith, suffering, and divine purpose. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Proverbs and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Proverbs 3:31
31 Envy thou not the oppressor, and choose none of his ways.
Analysis
Do not envy the oppressor or choose any of his ways. Envy of the wicked arises when their prosperity and apparent success tempts admiration. Yet choosing their ways means adopting their values and methods, which lead to destruction. Psalm 73 addresses this temptation - envying the wicked until understanding their end. The command assumes tendency toward envy requiring active resistance through right theology.
Historical Context
Addresses perennial temptation when the wicked prosper and righteous suffer. Ancient Israel saw oppressors accumulate wealth and power, tempting covenant members to adopt unrighteous means to similar ends.
Reflection
- Whose success tempts you to envy and consider compromising your convictions?
- How does contemplating the wicked's ultimate end help you resist envying their present prosperity?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Proverbs 12:12, 23:17, 24:1, Psalms 37:1, 73:3, Ecclesiastes 5:8