Job 18:20
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Job 18:20
20 They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted.
Chapter Context
Job 18 is a wisdom dialogue chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of sacrifice, redemption, faith. Written during the patriarchal period (literary composition later), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Ancient wisdom traditions often wrestled with the problem of suffering and divine justice.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-21: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it provides essential context for understanding God's covenant relationship with His people. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Job and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Job 18:20
20 They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted.
Analysis
The wicked become objects of horror: 'They that come after him shall be astonied at his day, as they that went before were affrighted.' Future and past generations alike react with horror to the wicked's fate. The Hebrew 'shamem' (astonished/appalled) suggests stunned horror. Bildad predicts Job will become cautionary tale—exactly what his friends have attempted to make him. Ironically, Job does become example, but of faithfulness under trial, not wickedness judged.
Historical Context
Ancient Near Eastern texts often referred to past examples as warnings (Sodom, Korah's rebellion). Bildad assumes Job will join such examples—famous for receiving judgment. Scripture indeed remembers Job, but as model of perseverance (James 5:11).
Reflection
- How does Job's actual legacy (model of faithfulness) contradict his friends' predictions?
- What does this teach about our inability to discern God's ultimate purposes in present suffering?
- How should awareness of our limited perspective make us cautious about explaining others' suffering?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Psalms 37:13, Jeremiah 50:27, Ezekiel 21:25