Exodus 39:20
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Exodus 39:20
20 And they made two other golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart of it, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.
Chapter Context
Exodus 39 is a narrative with legal sections chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of love, mercy. Written during the Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Egypt was the dominant superpower with a complex polytheistic religion and a god-king pharaoh.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-43: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Exodus and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Exodus 39:20
20 And they made two other golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart of it, over against the other coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.
Analysis
Two more golden rings on the ephod's lower front, 'underneath' and 'over against the other coupling,' created attachment points for the breastplate's lower rings. The phrase 'over against' (לְעֻמַּת, le-umat, corresponding to) indicates precise alignment—divine design tolerates no sloppiness. The 'coupling' (מַחְבַּרְתּוֹ, machbarto, joining) reference shows how multiple connection points create secure unity. This multi-point attachment system prefigures believers' multi-faceted union with Christ—justified, adopted, sanctified, sealed—secured through numerous covenant bonds, not a single fragile thread.
Historical Context
The rings' position 'underneath' meant they connected on the ephod's underside, invisible to observers but essential for function. This hidden engineering ensured the breastplate remained properly positioned even during the high priest's vigorous sacrificial activities.
Reflection
- How does your multi-faceted union with Christ (justification, adoption, sealing) provide layered security?
- What does God's precision in alignment ('over against') teach about His ordered, purposeful design for the church?