Zechariah 7:6

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And when ye did eat, and when ye did drink, did not ye eat for yourselves, and drink for yourselves?

Original Language Analysis

וְכִ֥י H3588
וְכִ֥י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 9
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הָאֹ֣כְלִ֔ים And when ye did eat H398
הָאֹ֣כְלִ֔ים And when ye did eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 2 of 9
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וְכִ֣י H3588
וְכִ֣י
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 3 of 9
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הַשֹּׁתִֽים׃ and when ye did drink H8354
הַשֹּׁתִֽים׃ and when ye did drink
Strong's: H8354
Word #: 4 of 9
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
הֲל֤וֹא H3808
הֲל֤וֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 5 of 9
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אַתֶּם֙ H859
אַתֶּם֙
Strong's: H859
Word #: 6 of 9
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
הָאֹ֣כְלִ֔ים And when ye did eat H398
הָאֹ֣כְלִ֔ים And when ye did eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 7 of 9
to eat (literally or figuratively)
וְאַתֶּ֖ם H859
וְאַתֶּ֖ם
Strong's: H859
Word #: 8 of 9
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
הַשֹּׁתִֽים׃ and when ye did drink H8354
הַשֹּׁתִֽים׃ and when ye did drink
Strong's: H8354
Word #: 9 of 9
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

And when ye did eat, and when ye did drink, did not ye eat for yourselves, and drink for yourselves?—God responds to the delegation's fasting question (7:1-3) by probing motives. The Hebrew vəkhī 'akhōl 'akhaltem vəkhī shātōh shəthītem hălō' 'attem hā'ōkhəlīm və'attem hashshōthīm (וְכִי אָכוֹל אֲכַלְתֶּם וְכִי שָׁתֹה שְׁתִיתֶם הֲלוֹא אַתֶּם הָאֹכְלִים וְאַתֶּם הַשֹּׁתִים, 'and when you ate and when you drank, was it not you who were eating and you who were drinking?') uses emphatic repetition. The rhetorical question exposes self-centered religion: their eating and drinking served themselves, not God.

The principle extends to fasting (v. 5): if eating serves self, doesn't fasting also serve self? God desires neither self-indulgent feasting nor self-righteous fasting but heart-level worship. Isaiah 58:3-7 similarly rebukes fasting divorced from justice and mercy. Jesus taught, 'when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; that thou appear not unto men to fast' (Matthew 6:17-18). The question 'Did not ye eat for yourselves?' diagnoses religious externalism—ritual without relationship, form without faithfulness. True worship flows from love for God and neighbor, not self-focused performance seeking divine favor or human applause.

Historical Context

The delegation asked whether to continue fasting in the fifth month (commemorating Jerusalem's destruction, 586 BC) now that the temple was being rebuilt (7:3). God's response: your fasts were never about Me but about yourselves—your grief, your ritual, your tradition. After seventy years, their fasting had become empty routine. The question challenged post-exilic Judah to examine motives: Do you fast to manipulate God or to genuinely mourn sin? Do you eat to enjoy God's gifts gratefully or merely to satisfy appetites?

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics