Romans 15:27

Authorized King James Version

It hath pleased them verily; and their debtors they are. For if the Gentiles have been made partakers of their spiritual things, their duty is also to minister unto them in carnal things.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εὐδόκησαν
It hath pleased them
to think well of, i.e., approve (an act); specially, to approbate (a person or thing)
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
καὶ
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#4
ὀφειλέται
debtors
an ower, i.e., person indebted; figuratively, a delinquent; morally, a transgressor (against god)
#5
αὐτοῖς
of their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
εἰσὶν
they are
they are
#7
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#8
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#9
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
πνευματικοῖς
spiritual things
non-carnal, i.e., (humanly) ethereal (as opposed to gross), or (daemoniacally) a spirit (concretely), or (divinely) supernatural, regenerate, religiou
#11
αὐτοῖς
of their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
ἐκοινώνησαν
have been made partakers
to share with others (objectively or subjectively)
#13
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
ἔθνη
the Gentiles
a race (as of the same habit), i.e., a tribe; specially, a foreign (non-jewish) one (usually, by implication, pagan)
#15
ὀφείλουσιν
their duty is
to owe (pecuniarily); figuratively, to be under obligation (ought, must, should); morally, to fail in duty
#16
καὶ
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#17
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#18
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
σαρκικοῖς
carnal things
pertaining to flesh, i.e., (by extension) bodily, temporal, or (by implication) animal, unregenerate
#20
λειτουργῆσαι
to minister
to be a public servant, i.e., (by analogy) to perform religious or charitable functions (worship, obey, relieve)
#21
αὐτοῖς
of their
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Romans. The concept of divine revelation reflects justification by faith as the foundation of Christian hope. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to systematic theological exposition of the gospel, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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