Psalms 139:22

Authorized King James Version

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I hate them with perfect hatred: I count them mine enemies.

Original Language Analysis

תַּכְלִ֣ית them with perfect H8503
תַּכְלִ֣ית them with perfect
Strong's: H8503
Word #: 1 of 6
completion; by implication, an extremity
שִׂנְאָ֣ה hatred H8135
שִׂנְאָ֣ה hatred
Strong's: H8135
Word #: 2 of 6
hate
שְׂנֵאתִ֑ים I hate H8130
שְׂנֵאתִ֑ים I hate
Strong's: H8130
Word #: 3 of 6
to hate (personally)
לְ֝אוֹיְבִ֗ים I count them mine enemies H341
לְ֝אוֹיְבִ֗ים I count them mine enemies
Strong's: H341
Word #: 4 of 6
hating; an adversary
הָ֣יוּ H1961
הָ֣יוּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 5 of 6
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לִֽי׃ H0
לִֽי׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 6 of 6

Analysis & Commentary

I hate them with perfect hatred: I count them mine enemies. Perfect hatred (תַּכְלִית שִׂנְאָה, tachlit sin'ah) means complete, full, thorough hatred—David's opposition to God's enemies is total, not partial. This isn't emotional instability but principled conviction: those who are God's enemies become David's enemies because David has identified fully with God's cause. I count them mine enemies (לְאוֹיְבִים הָיוּ לִי, le-oyevim hayu li) shows deliberate choice: David consciously adopts God's judgments as his own.

This verse must be understood Christologically: Jesus perfectly embodied this principle by opposing Satan and spiritual evil with complete resolve while simultaneously dying for human enemies to make them friends (Romans 5:10). 'Perfect hatred' in the believer is directed at sin, Satan, and spiritual forces of wickedness—while maintaining redemptive love toward people enslaved by them. David's prayer culminates (vv. 23-24) by asking God to search his own heart, showing that holy hatred begins with self-examination.

Historical Context

Written in the context of life-threatening persecution, David's 'perfect hatred' wasn't abstract theology but lived reality—compromise with God's enemies meant apostasy. The early church faced similar tensions (Revelation 2:14-16)—tolerating false teachers brought divine rebuke. Church history shows both healthy discernment and tragic extremes when applying this principle.

Questions for Reflection