Psalms 104:10

Authorized King James Version

He sendeth the springs into the valleys, which run among the hills.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַֽמְשַׁלֵּ֣חַ
He sendeth
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#2
מַ֭עְיָנִים
the springs
a fountain (also collectively), figuratively, a source (of satisfaction)
#3
בַּנְּחָלִ֑ים
into the valleys
a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)
#4
בֵּ֥ין
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#5
הָ֝רִ֗ים
among the hills
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#6
יְהַלֵּכֽוּן׃
which run
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection