Proverbs 9:18

Authorized King James Version

But he knoweth not that the dead are there; and that her guests are in the depths of hell.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וְֽלֹא

H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יָ֭דַע

H3045

But he knoweth

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

כִּֽי

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

רְפָאִ֣ים

H7496

not that the dead

properly, lax, i.e., (figuratively) a ghost (as dead; in plural only)

שָׁ֑ם

H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

בְּעִמְקֵ֖י

H6012

are in the depths

deep (literally or figuratively)

שְׁא֣וֹל

H7585

of hell

hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates

קְרֻאֶֽיהָ׃

H7121

are there and that her guests

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Proverbs, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Proverbs.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?
In what ways does understanding divine revelation in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?

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Topics

Wisdom