Proverbs 31:16

Authorized King James Version

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She considereth a field, and buyeth it: with the fruit of her hands she planteth a vineyard.

Original Language Analysis

זָמְמָ֣ה She considereth H2161
זָמְמָ֣ה She considereth
Strong's: H2161
Word #: 1 of 7
to plan, usually in a bad sense
שָׂ֭דֶה a field H7704
שָׂ֭דֶה a field
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 2 of 7
a field (as flat)
וַתִּקָּחֵ֑הוּ and buyeth H3947
וַתִּקָּחֵ֑הוּ and buyeth
Strong's: H3947
Word #: 3 of 7
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
מִפְּרִ֥י it with the fruit H6529
מִפְּרִ֥י it with the fruit
Strong's: H6529
Word #: 4 of 7
fruit (literally or figuratively)
כַ֝פֶּ֗יהָ of her hands H3709
כַ֝פֶּ֗יהָ of her hands
Strong's: H3709
Word #: 5 of 7
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-
נָ֣טְעָ she planteth H5193
נָ֣טְעָ she planteth
Strong's: H5193
Word #: 6 of 7
properly, to strike in, i.e., fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively)
כָּֽרֶם׃ a vineyard H3754
כָּֽרֶם׃ a vineyard
Strong's: H3754
Word #: 7 of 7
a garden or vineyard

Analysis & Commentary

She considereth a field, and buyeth it—The Hebrew zamam (זָמַם, to consider/plan) implies careful deliberation, not impulsive acquisition. With the fruit of her hands she planteth a vineyard (מִפְּרִי כַפֶּיהָ נָטְעָה כָּרֶם, mipri kappeha nat'ah karem)—she funds the purchase from her own earnings (pri, פְּרִי, fruit), demonstrating both independent economic agency and long-term investment wisdom. Vineyards took years to mature, requiring patient capital allocation.

This shatters reductionist readings that confine women to narrow domestic roles. The eshet chayil is a real estate investor, agricultural entrepreneur, and strategic planner. Her economic activity flows from covenant stewardship—managing creation's resources for generational blessing. This anticipates believers as co-heirs with Christ, stewarding His kingdom resources (Romans 8:17). Godly dominion (Genesis 1:28) includes women's full economic participation.

Historical Context

Women in ancient Israel could own property and engage in commerce (though legal systems varied). Archaeological evidence shows women as merchants, artisans, and landowners. This verse reflects actual economic practice, not mere idealization. Vineyard investment was culturally significant—wine for covenant meals, trade, and joy (Psalm 104:15).

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