Proverbs 31:13

Authorized King James Version

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She seeketh wool, and flax, and worketh willingly with her hands.

Original Language Analysis

דָּ֭רְשָׁה She seeketh H1875
דָּ֭רְשָׁה She seeketh
Strong's: H1875
Word #: 1 of 6
properly, to tread or frequent; usually to follow (for pursuit or search); by implication, to seek or ask; specifically to worship
צֶ֣מֶר wool H6785
צֶ֣מֶר wool
Strong's: H6785
Word #: 2 of 6
wool
וּפִשְׁתִּ֑ים and flax H6593
וּפִשְׁתִּ֑ים and flax
Strong's: H6593
Word #: 3 of 6
linen (i.e., the thread, as carded)
וַ֝תַּ֗עַשׂ and worketh H6213
וַ֝תַּ֗עַשׂ and worketh
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 4 of 6
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
בְּחֵ֣פֶץ willingly H2656
בְּחֵ֣פֶץ willingly
Strong's: H2656
Word #: 5 of 6
pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)
כַּפֶּֽיהָ׃ with her hands H3709
כַּפֶּֽיהָ׃ with her hands
Strong's: H3709
Word #: 6 of 6
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-

Analysis & Commentary

She seeketh wool, and flax—The Hebrew darash (דָּרַשׁ, to seek/inquire) implies diligent searching, not passive acquisition. Tzemer (צֶמֶר, wool) and pishtim (פִּשְׁתִּים, flax/linen) were primary textile materials—wool for warmth, linen for coolness and priestly garments. Worketh willingly with her hands combines chefetz (חֵפֶץ, delight/pleasure) with kapayim (כַּפַּיִם, palms/hands)—she works with joyful eagerness, not grudging necessity.

This rebukes both idleness (condemned in 2 Thessalonians 3:10) and joyless toil (the curse of Genesis 3:17-19 redeemed). The virtuous woman images the Creator who worked to fashion the world and 'saw that it was good' (Genesis 1:31). Redeemed labor is worship—skillful work done with 'hands' that honor God through excellence and diligence.

Historical Context

In ancient Israel, textile production was central to household economy. Women spun, wove, and dyed fabrics for family use and trade. Quality raw materials (fine wool, Egyptian flax) required knowledge and effort to source. This was skilled economic activity, not mere domestic drudgery.

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