Proverbs 29:12

Authorized King James Version

If a ruler hearken to lies, all his servants are wicked.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מֹ֭שֵׁל
If a ruler
to rule
#2
מַקְשִׁ֣יב
hearken
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
דְּבַר
to lies
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
#5
שָׁ֑קֶר
an untruth; by implication, a sham (often adverbial)
#6
כָּֽל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#7
מְשָׁרְתָ֥יו
all his servants
to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to
#8
רְשָׁעִֽים׃
are wicked
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

Analysis

This verse develops the kingdom of God theme central to Proverbs. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of kingdom of God within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on kingdom of God particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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