Proverbs 29:12

Authorized King James Version

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If a ruler hearken to lies, all his servants are wicked.

Original Language Analysis

מֹ֭שֵׁל If a ruler H4910
מֹ֭שֵׁל If a ruler
Strong's: H4910
Word #: 1 of 8
to rule
מַקְשִׁ֣יב hearken H7181
מַקְשִׁ֣יב hearken
Strong's: H7181
Word #: 2 of 8
to prick up the ears, i.e., hearken
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 3 of 8
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
דְּבַר to lies H1697
דְּבַר to lies
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 4 of 8
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
שָׁ֑קֶר H8267
שָׁ֑קֶר
Strong's: H8267
Word #: 5 of 8
an untruth; by implication, a sham (often adverbial)
כָּֽל H3605
כָּֽל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 6 of 8
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
מְשָׁרְתָ֥יו all his servants H8334
מְשָׁרְתָ֥יו all his servants
Strong's: H8334
Word #: 7 of 8
to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to
רְשָׁעִֽים׃ are wicked H7563
רְשָׁעִֽים׃ are wicked
Strong's: H7563
Word #: 8 of 8
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

Analysis & Commentary

If a ruler hearken to lies (מֹשֵׁל מַקְשִׁיב עַל־דְּבַר־שָׁקֶר)—when a ruler (moshel) gives attention to (maqshib, listens/hearkens) deceitful words (debar shaqer, false testimony), all his servants are wicked (כָּל־מְשָׁרְתָיו רְשָׁעִים). Leadership sets moral tone from the top down. A ruler who rewards falsehood cultivates a court of flatterers, schemers, and corrupt officials.

This principle operates institutionally: when leadership tolerates or rewards dishonesty, the entire organization becomes corrupted. Truthful people either leave or are driven out; only the wicked thrive. We see this in Ahab's court where 400 false prophets surrounded him while Micaiah alone spoke truth (1 Kings 22). Rehoboam's folly in following bad counsel cost him most of his kingdom (1 Kings 12).

Historical Context

Solomon witnessed court intrigue firsthand—Adonijah's conspiracy, Joab and Shimei's treachery. The king's wisdom or folly in choosing advisors determined the kingdom's fate. The proverb warns future rulers that their willingness to hear truth versus flattery shapes the character of their entire administration.

Questions for Reflection

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