Proverbs 29:10

Authorized King James Version

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The bloodthirsty hate the upright: but the just seek his soul.

Original Language Analysis

אַנְשֵׁ֣י The bloodthirsty H582
אַנְשֵׁ֣י The bloodthirsty
Strong's: H582
Word #: 1 of 7
properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified h0120); hence, a man in general (singly or collectively)
דָ֭מִים H1818
דָ֭מִים
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 2 of 7
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
יִשְׂנְאוּ hate H8130
יִשְׂנְאוּ hate
Strong's: H8130
Word #: 3 of 7
to hate (personally)
תָ֑ם the upright H8535
תָ֑ם the upright
Strong's: H8535
Word #: 4 of 7
complete; usually (morally) pious; specifically, gentle, dear
וִֽ֝ישָׁרִ֗ים but the just H3477
וִֽ֝ישָׁרִ֗ים but the just
Strong's: H3477
Word #: 5 of 7
straight (literally or figuratively)
יְבַקְשׁ֥וּ seek H1245
יְבַקְשׁ֥וּ seek
Strong's: H1245
Word #: 6 of 7
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃ his soul H5315
נַפְשֽׁוֹ׃ his soul
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 7 of 7
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

Analysis & Commentary

The bloodthirsty hate the upright (אַנְשֵׁי דָמִים יִשְׂנְאוּ־תָם)—literally 'men of bloods' (anshei damim), those who shed blood violently, hate the blameless (tam, perfect/upright). This isn't mere dislike but visceral hatred (sane). The righteous person's moral integrity is an unbearable rebuke to the violent.

But the just seek his soul (וִישָׁרִים יְבַקְשׁוּ נַפְשׁוֹ)—the upright (yesharim) seek the soul/life of the righteous person, either to preserve it (protective seeking) or the violent seek to destroy it. Most commentators see this as the just seeking to save the upright from bloodthirsty men. This anticipates Christ: 'the world hates you because it hated me first' (John 15:18-19). Abel's blood cried out against Cain; Stephen was stoned by the violent.

Historical Context

David experienced this repeatedly—Saul's murderous jealousy, Absalom's rebellion, Shimei's curses. The righteous king or prophet often faced violent opposition from those whose evil was exposed by moral uprightness. Israel's history is filled with murdered prophets (Matthew 23:37).

Questions for Reflection

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