Numbers 7:71
And for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year: this was the offering of Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai.
Original Language Analysis
Historical Context
Peace offerings included three types: thanksgiving offerings (spontaneous gratitude), vow offerings (fulfilling promises to God), and freewill offerings (voluntary devotion). Leviticus 7:11-16 specified time limits for eating the sacrifice: thanksgiving offerings must be consumed the same day, vow and freewill offerings allowed two days. Violating these times resulted in defilement, teaching that even good things (worship) become corrupt when we disregard God's boundaries.
Questions for Reflection
- How does the peace offering's communal meal aspect point forward to the Lord's Supper and the wedding feast of the Lamb (Revelation 19:9)?
- What does the sacrificial sequence (burnt, sin, peace) teach about the order of salvation—and why can't this order be rearranged?
- Why did peace offerings involve such abundance (seventeen animals) compared to the single burnt and sin offerings?
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Analysis & Commentary
And for a sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five he goats, five lambs of the first year—The abundant shelamim (שְׁלָמִים, peace offerings) climaxes the sacrificial pattern: seventeen animals offered in thanksgiving and fellowship. The peace offering's unique characteristic was the communal meal—worshipers ate portions of the sacrifice in God's presence (Leviticus 7:15-18), symbolizing reconciliation and shared fellowship. The abundant quantity (especially compared to single burnt and sin offerings) reflects lavish celebration.
This was the offering of Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai—Dan's prince, whose very name ('my brother is help') and patronymic ('my kinsman is Shaddai/Almighty') anchor identity in covenantal relationship and divine sufficiency. The progression from burnt offering (consecration) through sin offering (atonement) to peace offering (communion) reflects salvation's logical sequence: we cannot have peace with God without atonement, and atonement is meaningless without whole-life consecration. Romans 5:1 captures this: 'Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ.'