Numbers 5:23

Authorized King James Version

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And the priest shall write these curses in a book, and he shall blot them out with the bitter water:

Original Language Analysis

וְ֠כָתַב shall write H3789
וְ֠כָתַב shall write
Strong's: H3789
Word #: 1 of 10
to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 10
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָֽאָלֹ֥ת these curses H423
הָֽאָלֹ֥ת these curses
Strong's: H423
Word #: 3 of 10
an imprecation
הָאֵ֛לֶּה H428
הָאֵ֛לֶּה
Strong's: H428
Word #: 4 of 10
these or those
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן And the priest H3548
הַכֹּהֵ֖ן And the priest
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 5 of 10
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
בַּסֵּ֑פֶר in a book H5612
בַּסֵּ֑פֶר in a book
Strong's: H5612
Word #: 6 of 10
properly, writing (the art or a document); by implication, a book
וּמָחָ֖ה and he shall blot H4229
וּמָחָ֖ה and he shall blot
Strong's: H4229
Word #: 7 of 10
properly, to stroke or rub; by implication, to erase; also to smooth (as if with oil), i.e., grease or make fat
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 8 of 10
near, with or among; often in general, to
מֵ֥י water H4325
מֵ֥י water
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 9 of 10
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
הַמָּרִֽים׃ them out with the bitter H4751
הַמָּרִֽים׃ them out with the bitter
Strong's: H4751
Word #: 10 of 10
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly

Analysis & Commentary

The writing of curses and their blotting into the bitter water creates a physical symbol of the judgment being internalized. The woman will literally drink the written curses. This vivid imagery demonstrates that God's word accomplishes what it declares—when the woman drinks, she physically takes in the potential curse, which will either have no effect (if innocent) or produce the promised consequences (if guilty). The written word of God, even in curse form, is efficacious and powerful.

Historical Context

Writing and then blotting out the curses into water may have involved ink that dissolved when placed in the liquid. The woman thus drank water containing the very words of the oath she had taken, making the ritual deeply symbolic of internalizing God's judgment.

Questions for Reflection

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