Numbers 4:48

Authorized King James Version

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Even those that were numbered of them, were eight thousand and five hundred and fourscore.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּֽהְי֖וּ H1961
וַיִּֽהְי֖וּ
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 7
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
פְּקֻֽדֵיהֶ֑ם Even those that were numbered H6485
פְּקֻֽדֵיהֶ֑ם Even those that were numbered
Strong's: H6485
Word #: 2 of 7
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc
שְׁמֹנַ֣ת of them were eight H8083
שְׁמֹנַ֣ת of them were eight
Strong's: H8083
Word #: 3 of 7
a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth
אֲלָפִ֔ים thousand H505
אֲלָפִ֔ים thousand
Strong's: H505
Word #: 4 of 7
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
וַֽחֲמֵ֥שׁ and five H2568
וַֽחֲמֵ֥שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 5 of 7
five
מֵא֖וֹת hundred H3967
מֵא֖וֹת hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 6 of 7
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
וּשְׁמֹנִֽים׃ and fourscore H8084
וּשְׁמֹנִֽים׃ and fourscore
Strong's: H8084
Word #: 7 of 7
eighty, also eightieth

Analysis & Commentary

Eight thousand and five hundred and fourscore (8,580)—This precise total for Merarite men aged 30-50 concludes the Levitical census that began in Numbers 4:34. The specificity reveals God's attention to detail: Kohathites numbered 2,750 (4:36), Gershonites 2,630 (4:40), and Merarites 3,200 (4:44). Total: 8,580 Levites in their prime.

The Hebrew emphasizes exactitude: shmonah alafim vachamesh me'ot ushmonim. This wasn't approximate headcount but careful registration. Compare this working-age census to the broader Levitical count from age one month upward (22,000 in 3:39). Only 39% of male Levites were in their service prime, underscoring the demanding physical nature of tabernacle transport.

Historical Context

This census occurred in the second year after the Exodus (Numbers 1:1), probably 1444 BC in the Sinai wilderness. The 8,580 figure represents the workforce that transported the tabernacle for 38 years until entering Canaan. These men formed a sacred moving company, ensuring God's dwelling traveled safely with Israel.

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