Numbers 4:1

Authorized King James Version

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And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron, saying,

Original Language Analysis

וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר spake H1696
וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר spake
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 1 of 7
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
יְהוָ֔ה And the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֔ה And the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 2 of 7
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 7
near, with or among; often in general, to
מֹשֶׁ֥ה unto Moses H4872
מֹשֶׁ֥ה unto Moses
Strong's: H4872
Word #: 4 of 7
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
וְאֶֽל H413
וְאֶֽל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 5 of 7
near, with or among; often in general, to
אַהֲרֹ֖ן and unto Aaron H175
אַהֲרֹ֖ן and unto Aaron
Strong's: H175
Word #: 6 of 7
aharon, the brother of moses
לֵאמֹֽר׃ saying H559
לֵאמֹֽר׃ saying
Strong's: H559
Word #: 7 of 7
to say (used with great latitude)

Analysis & Commentary

The repeated phrase 'And the LORD spake unto Moses and unto Aaron' elevates Aaron to partnership with Moses in receiving divine instruction regarding the Kohathites. This joint address emphasizes both prophetic (Moses) and priestly (Aaron) authority in ordering sacred service. The Hebrew construction shows coordinated leadership under God's ultimate authority. The Kohathites descended from Aaron's family line, so Aaron had familial interest in their duties, yet divine command superseded family preference.

Historical Context

This joint address to Moses and Aaron occurs infrequently, usually regarding priestly matters or Levitical service. It demonstrates the complementary roles of prophet and priest in Israel's theocratic structure. Later, Christ would unite both offices—prophet, priest, and king—in His person.

Questions for Reflection

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