Numbers 35:27

Authorized King James Version

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And the revenger of blood find him without the borders of the city of his refuge, and the revenger of blood kill the slayer; he shall not be guilty of blood:

Original Language Analysis

וּמָצָ֤א find H4672
וּמָצָ֤א find
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 1 of 16
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
אֹתוֹ֙ H853
אֹתוֹ֙
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
גֹּאֵ֤ל And the revenger H1350
גֹּאֵ֤ל And the revenger
Strong's: H1350
Word #: 3 of 16
to redeem (according to the middle eastern law of kinship), i.e., to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his wido
דָּֽם׃ he shall not be guilty of blood H1818
דָּֽם׃ he shall not be guilty of blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 4 of 16
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
מִח֕וּץ him without H2351
מִח֕וּץ him without
Strong's: H2351
Word #: 5 of 16
properly, separate by a wall, i.e., outside, outdoors
לִגְב֖וּל the borders H1366
לִגְב֖וּל the borders
Strong's: H1366
Word #: 6 of 16
properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed
עִ֣יר of the city H5892
עִ֣יר of the city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 7 of 16
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
מִקְלָט֑וֹ of his refuge H4733
מִקְלָט֑וֹ of his refuge
Strong's: H4733
Word #: 8 of 16
an asylum (as a receptacle)
הָ֣רֹצֵ֔חַ kill H7523
הָ֣רֹצֵ֔חַ kill
Strong's: H7523
Word #: 9 of 16
properly, to dash in pieces, i.e., kill (a human being), especially to murder
גֹּאֵ֤ל And the revenger H1350
גֹּאֵ֤ל And the revenger
Strong's: H1350
Word #: 10 of 16
to redeem (according to the middle eastern law of kinship), i.e., to be the next of kin (and as such to buy back a relative's property, marry his wido
דָּֽם׃ he shall not be guilty of blood H1818
דָּֽם׃ he shall not be guilty of blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 11 of 16
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 16
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָ֣רֹצֵ֔חַ kill H7523
הָ֣רֹצֵ֔חַ kill
Strong's: H7523
Word #: 13 of 16
properly, to dash in pieces, i.e., kill (a human being), especially to murder
אֵ֥ין H369
אֵ֥ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 14 of 16
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
ל֖וֹ H0
ל֖וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 15 of 16
דָּֽם׃ he shall not be guilty of blood H1818
דָּֽם׃ he shall not be guilty of blood
Strong's: H1818
Word #: 16 of 16
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe

Analysis & Commentary

And the revenger of blood find him without the borders of the city of his refuge, and the revenger of blood kill the slayer; he shall not be guilty of blood—outside the boundary, the go'el ha-dam lawfully executed the manslayer. The avenger bore no guilt because the fugitive voluntarily left his asylum. This wasn't murder but justice delayed, not denied.

The typology is sobering: Christ is our refuge from divine wrath (Romans 5:9), but those who 'neglect so great salvation' (Hebrews 2:3) or 'draw back' (Hebrews 10:38-39) face the judgment they fled. There is no salvation outside Christ, just as there was no protection outside the city's borders.

Historical Context

The legal principle that the go'el incurred no bloodguilt for killing the manslayer outside refuge presumes the community knew the boundaries and the manslayer's status. This required public records and clear demarcation, preventing accidental violations of sanctuary law.

Questions for Reflection

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