Numbers 31:45

Authorized King James Version

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And thirty thousand asses and five hundred,

Original Language Analysis

וַֽחֲמֹרִ֕ים asses H2543
וַֽחֲמֹרִ֕ים asses
Strong's: H2543
Word #: 1 of 5
a male ass (from its dun red)
שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים And thirty H7970
שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים And thirty
Strong's: H7970
Word #: 2 of 5
thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth
אֶ֖לֶף thousand H505
אֶ֖לֶף thousand
Strong's: H505
Word #: 3 of 5
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
וַֽחֲמֵ֥שׁ and five H2568
וַֽחֲמֵ֥שׁ and five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 4 of 5
five
מֵאֽוֹת׃ hundred H3967
מֵאֽוֹת׃ hundred
Strong's: H3967
Word #: 5 of 5
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

Analysis & Commentary

And thirty thousand asses and five hundred—The Hebrew חֲמוֹר (chamor, "donkey") was the primary beast of burden in ancient Israel. The congregation received 30,500 donkeys (from 61,000 total)—essential for transporting goods, especially in mountainous terrain unsuitable for wagons.

Donkeys appear throughout biblical narrative as symbols of peaceful labor (unlike horses for war). That God provided thousands of donkeys shows His attention to the practical logistics of settling Canaan. Every family needed transport for harvests, water, and household goods. This wasn't luxury—it was infrastructure for covenant life in the land.

Historical Context

Donkeys were more valuable than horses in Canaan's rocky hill country, able to navigate steep paths while carrying heavy loads. They were essential for olive oil and wine transport from hill-country farms to valley markets. The massive donkey distribution occurred at Moab's plains, preparing Israel for the geographical challenges of Canaan's central highlands.

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