Numbers 11:8

Authorized King James Version

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And the people went about, and gathered it, and ground it in mills, or beat it in a mortar, and baked it in pans, and made cakes of it: and the taste of it was as the taste of fresh oil.

Original Language Analysis

שָׁטוּ֩ went about H7751
שָׁטוּ֩ went about
Strong's: H7751
Word #: 1 of 18
properly, to push forth; (but used only figuratively) to lash, i.e., (the sea with oars) to row; by implication, to travel
הָעָ֨ם And the people H5971
הָעָ֨ם And the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 2 of 18
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
וְלָֽקְט֜וּ and gathered H3950
וְלָֽקְט֜וּ and gathered
Strong's: H3950
Word #: 3 of 18
properly, to pick up, i.e., (generally) to gather; specifically, to glean
וְטָֽחֲנ֣וּ it and ground H2912
וְטָֽחֲנ֣וּ it and ground
Strong's: H2912
Word #: 4 of 18
to grind meal; hence, to be a concubine (that being their employment)
בָֽרֵחַ֗יִם it in mills H7347
בָֽרֵחַ֗יִם it in mills
Strong's: H7347
Word #: 5 of 18
a mill-stone
א֤וֹ H176
א֤וֹ
Strong's: H176
Word #: 6 of 18
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
דָכוּ֙ or beat H1743
דָכוּ֙ or beat
Strong's: H1743
Word #: 7 of 18
to bruise in a mortar
בַּמְּדֹכָ֔ה it in a mortar H4085
בַּמְּדֹכָ֔ה it in a mortar
Strong's: H4085
Word #: 8 of 18
a mortar
וּבִשְּׁלוּ֙ and baked H1310
וּבִשְּׁלוּ֙ and baked
Strong's: H1310
Word #: 9 of 18
properly, to boil up; hence, to be done in cooking; figuratively to ripen
בַּפָּר֔וּר it in pans H6517
בַּפָּר֔וּר it in pans
Strong's: H6517
Word #: 10 of 18
a skillet (as flat or deep)
וְעָשׂ֥וּ and made H6213
וְעָשׂ֥וּ and made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 11 of 18
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
אֹת֖וֹ H853
אֹת֖וֹ
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 18
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עֻג֑וֹת cakes H5692
עֻג֑וֹת cakes
Strong's: H5692
Word #: 13 of 18
an ashcake (as round)
וְהָיָ֣ה H1961
וְהָיָ֣ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 14 of 18
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
כְּטַ֖עַם of it and the taste H2940
כְּטַ֖עַם of it and the taste
Strong's: H2940
Word #: 15 of 18
properly, a taste, i.e., (figuratively) perception; by implication, intelligence; transitively, a mandate
כְּטַ֖עַם of it and the taste H2940
כְּטַ֖עַם of it and the taste
Strong's: H2940
Word #: 16 of 18
properly, a taste, i.e., (figuratively) perception; by implication, intelligence; transitively, a mandate
לְשַׁ֥ד of fresh H3955
לְשַׁ֥ד of fresh
Strong's: H3955
Word #: 17 of 18
(figuratively) vigor; also a sweet or fat cake
הַשָּֽׁמֶן׃ oil H8081
הַשָּֽׁמֶן׃ oil
Strong's: H8081
Word #: 18 of 18
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness

Analysis & Commentary

This verse describes Israel's preparation of manna, detailing the ordinary process (gathering, grinding, baking) applied to extraordinary provision. The people 'went about and gathered it' daily, emphasizing human responsibility within divine provision—God gave manna, but Israel had to collect it. The methods of preparation (grinding in mills, beating in mortars, baking in pans, making cakes) show that God's provision required human effort to be fully enjoyed.

The phrase 'the taste of it was as the taste of fresh oil' (Hebrew leshad hashemen, לְשַׁד הַשָּׁמֶן) indicates rich, pleasant flavor—some translations render this 'taste of cakes baked with oil.' This contradicts the people's complaint (verse 6) that they had 'nothing' but manna. Their claim of deficiency revealed spiritual blindness, not actual lack. God's provision was genuinely delicious and satisfying, but sin distorted their perception.

The grinding and baking process illustrates an important principle: God's gifts must be appropriated through diligent effort. Spiritual nourishment likewise requires active engagement—Bible reading, meditation, prayer, worship. The manna didn't automatically become bread; it required work. Similarly, spiritual growth requires applying ourselves to the means of grace God provides. The parallel to Christ our Bread extends here: we must actively feed on Him through faith, not merely acknowledge His availability.

Historical Context

The detailed description of manna preparation suggests the account comes from eyewitness testimony—someone familiar with the daily routine. Mills and mortars were common household tools in ancient Near Eastern societies for processing grain. The mention of 'pans' (Hebrew parur, פָּרוּר) and 'cakes' (ugot, עֻגוֹת) indicates familiar cooking methods. This ordinary preparation of extraordinary substance emphasized that God's miracles don't eliminate human activity but rather sanctify it. The taste comparison to 'fresh oil' suggests richness and palatability, reinforcing that God provided generously.

Questions for Reflection

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