Nehemiah 11:30

Authorized King James Version

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Zanoah, Adullam, and in their villages, at Lachish, and the fields thereof, at Azekah, and in the villages thereof. And they dwelt from Beer-sheba unto the valley of Hinnom.

Original Language Analysis

זָנֹ֤חַ Zanoah H2182
זָנֹ֤חַ Zanoah
Strong's: H2182
Word #: 1 of 13
zanoach, the name of two places in palestine
עֲדֻלָּם֙ Adullam H5725
עֲדֻלָּם֙ Adullam
Strong's: H5725
Word #: 2 of 13
adullam, a place in palestine
וְחַצְרֵיהֶ֔ם and in their villages H2691
וְחַצְרֵיהֶ֔ם and in their villages
Strong's: H2691
Word #: 3 of 13
a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)
לָכִישׁ֙ at Lachish H3923
לָכִישׁ֙ at Lachish
Strong's: H3923
Word #: 4 of 13
lakish, a place in palestine
וּשְׂדֹתֶ֔יהָ and the fields H7704
וּשְׂדֹתֶ֔יהָ and the fields
Strong's: H7704
Word #: 5 of 13
a field (as flat)
עֲזֵקָ֖ה thereof at Azekah H5825
עֲזֵקָ֖ה thereof at Azekah
Strong's: H5825
Word #: 6 of 13
azekah, a place in palestine
וּבְנֹתֶ֑יהָ and in the villages H1323
וּבְנֹתֶ֑יהָ and in the villages
Strong's: H1323
Word #: 7 of 13
a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
וַיַּֽחֲנ֥וּ thereof And they dwelt H2583
וַיַּֽחֲנ֥וּ thereof And they dwelt
Strong's: H2583
Word #: 8 of 13
properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically, to pitch a tent; generally to encamp (for abode or s
מִבְּאֵֽר H0
מִבְּאֵֽר
Strong's: H0
Word #: 9 of 13
שֶׁ֖בַע from Beersheba H884
שֶׁ֖בַע from Beersheba
Strong's: H884
Word #: 10 of 13
beer-sheba, a place in palestine
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 11 of 13
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
גֵּֽיא unto the valley H1516
גֵּֽיא unto the valley
Strong's: H1516
Word #: 12 of 13
a gorge (from its lofty sides; hence, narrow, but not a gully or winter-torrent)
הִנֹּֽם׃ of Hinnom H2011
הִנֹּֽם׃ of Hinnom
Strong's: H2011
Word #: 13 of 13
hinnom, apparently a jebusite

Analysis & Commentary

Zanoah, Adullam, and in their villages, at Lachish, and the fields thereof, at Azekah, and in the villages thereof. And they dwelt from Beer-sheba unto the valley of Hinnom.

This verse within Nehemiah 11 addresses themes of sacrifice, community building, strategic living. Repopulating Jerusalem required sacrifice—willingness to leave comfortable situations to strengthen the covenant community. This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

Historical Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. Nehemiah's final reforms address recurring covenant violations, demonstrating the ongoing challenge of maintaining spiritual commitment across generations. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Questions for Reflection