Matthew 23:25

Authorized King James Version

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye make clean the outside of the cup and of the platter, but within they are full of extortion and excess.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Οὐαὶ
Woe
woe
#2
ὑμῖν
unto you
to (with or by) you
#3
γραμματεῖς
scribes
a professional writer
#4
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
Φαρισαῖοι
Pharisees
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
#6
ὑποκριταί
hypocrites
an actor under an assumed character (stage-player), i.e., (figuratively) a dissembler ("hypocrite"
#7
ὅτι
! for
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#8
καθαρίζετε
ye make clean
to cleanse (literally or figuratively)
#9
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
ἔξωθεν
the outside
external(-ly)
#11
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ποτηρίου
of the cup
a drinking-vessel; by extension, the contents thereof, i.e., a cupful (draught); figuratively, a lot or fate
#13
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
παροψίδος
of the platter
a side-dish (the receptacle)
#16
ἔσωθεν
within
from inside; also used as equivalent to g2080 (inside)
#17
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#18
γέμουσιν
they are full
to swell out, i.e., be full
#19
ἐξ
of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#20
ἁρπαγῆς
extortion
pillage (properly abstract)
#21
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#22
ἀκρασίας
excess
want of self-restraint

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The first-century Palestinian Jewish culture under Roman occupation would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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