Matthew 23:20

Authorized King James Version

Whoso therefore shall swear by the altar, sweareth by it, and by all things thereon.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
οὖν
Whoso therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
ὀμνύει
shall swear
to swear, i.e., take (or declare on) oath
#4
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#5
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
θυσιαστηρίῳ
the altar
a place of sacrifice, i.e., an altar (special or genitive case, literal or figurative)
#7
ὀμνύει
shall swear
to swear, i.e., take (or declare on) oath
#8
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#9
αὐτοῦ·
it
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#11
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#12
πάσιν
all things
all, any, every, the whole
#13
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
ἐπάνω
up above, i.e., over or on (of place, amount, rank, etc.)
#15
αὐτοῦ·
it
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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