Matthew 23:14

Authorized King James Version

Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayer: therefore ye shall receive the greater damnation.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Οὐαὶ
Woe
woe
#2
δέ
but, and, etc
#3
ὑμῖν,
unto you
to (with or by) you
#4
γραμματεῖς
scribes
a professional writer
#5
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
Φαρισαῖοι
Pharisees
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
#7
ὑποκριταί,
hypocrites
an actor under an assumed character (stage-player), i.e., (figuratively) a dissembler ("hypocrite"
#8
ὅτι
! for
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#9
κατεσθίετε
ye devour
to eat up, i.e., devour (literally or figuratively)
#10
τὰς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
οἰκίας
houses
properly, residence (abstractly), but usually (concretely) an abode (literally or figuratively); by implication, a family (especially domestics)
#12
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
χηρῶν,
widows
a widow (as lacking a husband), literally or figuratively
#14
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#15
προφάσει
for a pretence
an outward showing, i.e., pretext
#16
μακρὰ
long
long (in place (distant) or time (neuter plural))
#17
προσευχόμενοι·
make
to pray to god, i.e., supplicate, worship
#18
διὰ
therefore
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#19
τοῦτο
that thing
#20
λήψεσθε
ye shall receive
while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))
#21
περισσότερον
superabundant (in quantity) or superior (in quality); by implication, excessive; adverbially (with g1537) violently; neuter (as noun) preeminence
#22
κρίμα
damnation
a decision (the function or the effect, for or against ("crime"))

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of covenant community reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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