Matthew 21:20

Authorized King James Version

And when the disciples saw it, they marvelled, saying, How soon is the fig tree withered away!

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ἰδόντες
saw
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#3
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
μαθηταὶ
when the disciples
a learner, i.e., pupil
#5
ἐθαύμασαν
it they marvelled
to wonder; by implication, to admire
#6
λέγοντες
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#7
Πῶς
How
an interrogative particle of manner; in what way? (sometimes the question is indirect, how?); also as exclamation, how much!
#8
παραχρῆμα
soon
at the thing itself, i.e., instantly
#9
ἐξηράνθη
withered away
to desiccate; by implication, to shrivel, to mature
#10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
συκῆ
is the fig tree
a fig-tree

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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