Matthew 15:20

Authorized King James Version

These are the things which defile a man: but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not a man.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ταῦτά
These
these things
#2
ἐστιν
are
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#3
τὸν
the things which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
κοινοῖ
defile
to make (or consider) profane (ceremonially)
#5
τὸν
the things which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
ἄνθρωπον
a man
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#7
τὸν
the things which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#9
ἀνίπτοις
with unwashen
without ablution
#10
χερσὶν
hands
the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)
#11
φαγεῖν
to eat
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#12
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#13
κοινοῖ
defile
to make (or consider) profane (ceremonially)
#14
τὸν
the things which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
ἄνθρωπον
a man
man-faced, i.e., a human being

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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